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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, January 2005, p. 382-391, Vol. 71, No. 1
0099-2240/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.71.1.382-391.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Identification of Genes Differentially Expressed in Extraradical Mycelium and Ectomycorrhizal Roots during Paxillus involutus-Betula pendula Ectomycorrhizal Symbiosis

Mélanie Morel,1 Christophe Jacob,1 Annegret Kohler,2 Tomas Johansson,3 Francis Martin,2 Michel Chalot,1* and Annick Brun1

UMR INRA/UHP 1136, Interactions Arbres/Micro-Organismes, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Henri Poincaré, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy,1 UMR INRA/UHP 1136, Interactions Arbres/Micro-Organismes, INRA Nancy, Champenoux, France,2 Department of Microbial Ecology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden3

Received 2 July 2004/ Accepted 29 August 2004

The development of ectomycorrhizal symbiosis leads to drastic changes in gene expression in both partners. However, little is known about the spatial regulation of symbiosis-regulated genes. Using cDNA array profiling, we compared the levels of expression of fungal genes corresponding to approximately 1,200 expressed sequenced tags in the ectomycorrhizal root tips (ECM) and the connected extraradical mycelium (EM) for the Paxillus involutus-Betula pendula ectomycorrhizal association grown on peat in a microcosm system. Sixty-five unique genes were found to be differentially expressed in these two fungal compartments. In ECM, a gene coding for a putative phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (Psd) was up-regulated by 24-fold, while genes coding for urea (Dur3) and spermine (Tpo3) transporters were up-regulated 4.1- and 6.2-fold in EM. Moreover, urea was the major nitrogen compound found in EM by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. These results suggest that (i) there is a spatial difference in the patterns of fungal gene expression between ECM and EM, (ii) urea and polyamine transporters could facilitate the translocation of nitrogen compounds within the EM network, and (iii) fungal Psd may contribute to membrane remodeling during ectomycorrhiza formation.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Université Henri Poincaré—Nancy I, UMR INRA/UHP 1136, Interactions Arbres/Micro-Organismes, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, BP 239, F-54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy Cedex, France. Phone: 33 3-83 68 42 38. Fax: 33 3-3 68 42 92. E-mail: Michel.Chalot{at}scbiol.uhp-nancy.fr.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, January 2005, p. 382-391, Vol. 71, No. 1
0099-2240/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.71.1.382-391.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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