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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 2005, p. 6008-6013, Vol. 71, No. 10
0099-2240/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.71.10.6008-6013.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

pH-, Lactic Acid-, and Non-Lactic Acid-Dependent Activities of Probiotic Lactobacilli against Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium

Domitille Fayol-Messaoudi, Cédric N. Berger, Marie-Hélène Coconnier-Polter, Vanessa Liévin-Le Moal, and Alain L. Servin*

Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 510, Pathogènes et Fonctions des Cellules Epithéliales Polarisées, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris XI, F-92296 Chatenay-Malabry, France

Received 30 November 2004/ Accepted 24 April 2005

The mechanism(s) underlying the antibacterial activity of probiotic Lactobacillus strains appears to be multifactorial and includes lowering of the pH and the production of lactic acid and of antibacterial compounds, including bacteriocins and nonbacteriocin, non-lactic acid molecules. Addition of Dulbecco's modified Eagle's minimum essential medium to the incubating medium delays the killing activity of lactic acid. We found that the probiotic strains Lactobacillus johnsonii La1, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Lactobacillus casei Shirota YIT9029, L. casei DN-114 001, and L. rhamnosus GR1 induced a dramatic decrease in the viability of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium SL1344 mainly attributable to non-lactic acid molecule(s) present in the cell-free culture supernatant (CFCS). These molecules were more active against serovar Typhimurium SL1344 in the exponential growth phase than in the stationary growth phase. We also showed that the production of the non-lactic acid substance(s) responsible for the killing activity was dependent on growth temperature and that both unstable and stable substances with killing activity were present in the CFCSs. We found that the complete inhibition of serovar Typhimurium SL1344 growth results from a pH-lowering effect.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Faculté de Pharmacie, Inserm Unité 510, F-92296 Chatenay-Malabry, France. Phone: (33) 1 46 83 56 61. Fax: (33) 1 46 83 58 44. E-mail: alain.servin{at}cep.u-psud.fr.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 2005, p. 6008-6013, Vol. 71, No. 10
0099-2240/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.71.10.6008-6013.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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