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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, November 2005, p. 6900-6909, Vol. 71, No. 11
0099-2240/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.71.11.6900-6909.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Reciprocal Regulation of Pyoluteorin Production with Membrane Transporter Gene Expression in Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5

Marion Brodhagen,1,{dagger} Ian Paulsen,2 and Joyce E. Loper1,3*

Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331,1 The Institute for Genomics Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850,2 U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon 973303

Received 19 March 2005/ Accepted 23 June 2005

Pyoluteorin is a chlorinated polyketide antibiotic secreted by the rhizosphere bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5. Genes encoding enzymes and transcriptional regulators involved in pyoluteorin production are clustered in the genome of Pf-5. Sequence analysis of genes adjacent to the known pyoluteorin biosynthetic gene cluster revealed the presence of an ABC transporter system. We disrupted two putative ABC transporter genes by inserting transcriptional fusions to an ice nucleation reporter gene. Mutations in pltI and pltJ, which are predicted to encode a membrane fusion protein and an ATP-binding cassette of the ABC transporter, respectively, greatly reduced pyoluteorin production by Pf-5. During the transition from exponential growth to stationary phase, populations of a pltI mutant were lower than those of a pltI+ strain in a culture medium containing pyoluteorin, suggesting a role for the transport system in efflux and the resistance of Pf-5 to the antibiotic. Although pltI or pltJ mutant strains displayed low pyoluteorin production, they did not accumulate proportionately more of the antibiotic intracellularly, indicating that pltI and pltJ do not encode an exclusive exporter for pyoluteorin. Transcription of the putative pyoluteorin efflux genes pltI and pltJ was enhanced by exogenous pyoluteorin. These new observations parallel an earlier finding that pyoluteorin enhances the transcription of pyoluteorin biosynthesis genes and pyoluteorin production in Pf-5. This report provides evidence of a coordination of pyoluteorin production and the transcription of genes encoding a linked transport apparatus, wherein each requires the other for optimal expression.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: USDA-ARS, Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, 3420 NW Orchard Avenue, Corvallis, OR 97330. Phone: (541) 738-4057. Fax: (541) 738-4025. E-mail: loperj{at}science.oregonstate.edu.

{dagger} Present address: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1630 Linden Dr., Madison, WI 53706-1598.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, November 2005, p. 6900-6909, Vol. 71, No. 11
0099-2240/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.71.11.6900-6909.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Yan, A., Huang, X., Liu, H., Dong, D., Zhang, D., Zhang, X., Xu, Y. (2007). An rhl-like quorum-sensing system negatively regulates pyoluteorin production in Pseudomonas sp. M18. Microbiology 153: 16-28 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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