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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2005, p. 8383-8389, Vol. 71, No. 12
0099-2240/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.71.12.8383-8389.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

In Vitro Determination of Prebiotic Properties of Oligosaccharides Derived from an Orange Juice Manufacturing By-Product Stream

K. Manderson,1 M. Pinart,1 K. M. Tuohy,1 W. E. Grace,1 A. T. Hotchkiss,2 W. Widmer,3 M. P. Yadhav,2 G. R. Gibson,1 and R. A. Rastall1*

School of Food Biosciences, The University of Reading, P.O. Box 226, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, United Kingdom,1 Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038,2 Citrus and Subtropical Products Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 600 Avenue S, NW, Winter Haven, Florida 338813

Received 19 April 2005/ Accepted 27 August 2005

Fermentation properties of oligosaccharides derived from orange peel pectin were assessed in mixed fecal bacterial culture. The orange peel oligosaccharide fraction contained glucose in addition to rhamnogalacturonan and xylogalacturonan pectic oligosaccharides. Twenty-four-hour, temperature- and pH-controlled, stirred anaerobic fecal batch cultures were used to determine the effects that oligosaccharides derived from orange products had on the composition of the fecal microbiota. The effects were measured through fluorescent in situ hybridization to determine changes in bacterial populations, fermentation end products were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography to assess short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and subsequently, a prebiotic index (PI) was determined. Pectic oligosaccharides (POS) were able to increase the bifidobacterial and Eubacterium rectale numbers, albeit resulting in a lower prebiotic index than that from fructo-oligosaccharide metabolism. Orange albedo maintained the growth of most bacterial populations and gave a PI similar to that of soluble starch. Fermentation of POS resulted in an increase in the Eubacterium rectale numbers and concomitantly increased butyrate production. In conclusion, this study has shown that POS can have a beneficial effect on the fecal microflora; however, a classical prebiotic effect was not found. An increase in the Eubacterium rectale population was found, and butyrate levels increased, which is of potential benefit to the host.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: School of Food Biosciences, The University of Reading, P.O. Box 226, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, United Kingdom. Phone: 44 (0) 118 3786726. Fax: 44 (0) 118 9310080. E-mail: r.a.rastall{at}rdg.ac.uk.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2005, p. 8383-8389, Vol. 71, No. 12
0099-2240/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.71.12.8383-8389.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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