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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2006, p. 7531-7539, Vol. 72, No. 12
0099-2240/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.01121-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Rainfall-Induced Release of Fecal Coliforms and Other Manure Constituents: Comparison and Modeling{triangledown}

A. K. Guber,1,2* D. R. Shelton,2 Y. A. Pachepsky,2 A. M. Sadeghi,3 and L. J. Sikora4

Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California,1 USDA Agricultural Research Service Environmental Microbial Safety Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland,2 USDA Agricultural Research Service Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland,3 USDA Agricultural Research Service Animal Manure and Byproducts Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland4

Received 15 May 2006/ Accepted 25 September 2006

Modeling release of fecal coliforms is an important component of fate and transport simulations related to environmental water quality. Manure constituents other than fecal coliforms may serve as natural tracers of fecal contamination provided that their release from manure to runoff is similar to the fecal coliform release. The objectives of this work were to compare release of fecal coliforms (FC), chloride (Cl–), organic carbon (OC), and water-soluble phosphorus (P) from dissolving manure and to assess the performance of three models in describing the observed release. Bovine manure was applied on 0.5- by 0.3-m bare and vegetated subplots with 20% slope on sandy loam and clay loam soils. Concentrations of Cl–, FC, OC, and P were measured in runoff collected from troughs at the edges of the subplots at 5-min intervals during 1-h rainfall simulations. The one-parametric exponential model and two-parametric Vadas-Kleinman-Sharpley model and Bradford-Schijven model were fitted to the data. The Bradford-Schijven model had uncorrelated parameters, one of which was linearly related to the irrigation rate, and another parameter reflected the presence or the absence of vegetation. Kinetics of the FC release from manure was similar to the release kinetics of P and OC. The Bradford-Schijven model is recommended to simulate the release of manure constituents.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Environmental Science, University of California, Riverside, A135 Bourns Hall, Riverside, CA 92521. Phone: (301) 504-5656. Fax: (301) 504-6608. E-mail: aguber{at}anri.barc.usda.gov.

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 6 October 2006.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2006, p. 7531-7539, Vol. 72, No. 12
0099-2240/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.01121-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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