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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2006, p. 7671-7677, Vol. 72, No. 12
0099-2240/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.01106-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Inactivation of Poliovirus 1 and F-Specific RNA Phages and Degradation of Their Genomes by UV Irradiation at 254 Nanometers{triangledown}

Julien Simonet and Christophe Gantzer*

Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l'Environnement (LCPME), UMR 7564 CNRS/Université Henri Poincaré Nancy I, Equipe Microbiologie et Physique, Faculté de Pharmacie, BP 80403, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France

Received 12 May 2006/ Accepted 28 September 2006

Several models (animal caliciviruses, poliovirus 1 [PV1], and F-specific RNA bacteriophages) are usually used to predict inactivation of nonculturable viruses. For the same UV fluence, viral inactivation observed in the literature varies from 0 to 5 logs according to the models and the methods (infectivity versus molecular biology). The lack of knowledge concerning the mechanisms of inactivation due to UV prevents us from selecting the best model. In this context, determining if viral genome degradation may explain the loss of infectivity under UV radiation becomes essential. Thus, four virus models (PV1 and three F-specific RNA phages: MS2, GA, and Qß) were exposed to UV radiation from 0 to 150 mJ · cm–2. PV1 is the least-resistant virus, while MS2 and GA phages are the most resistant, with phage Qß having an intermediate sensitivity; respectively, 6-log, 2.3-log, 2.5-log, and 4-log decreases for 50 mJ · cm–2. In parallel, analysis of RNA degradation demonstrated that this phenomenon depends on the fragment size for PV1 as well as for MS2. Long fragments (above 2,000 bases) for PV1 and MS2 fell rapidly to the background level (>1.3-log decrease) for 20 mJ · cm–2 and 60 mJ · cm– 2, respectively. Nevertheless, the size of the viral RNA is not the only factor affecting UV-induced RNA degradation, since viral RNA was more rapidly degraded in PV1 than in the MS2 phage with a similar size. Finally, extrapolation of inactivation and UV-induced RNA degradation kinetics highlights that genome degradation could fully explain UV-induced viral inactivation.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l'Environnement (LCPME), UMR 7564 CNRS/Université Henri Poincaré, Equipe Microbiologie et Physique, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue Albert Lebrun, BP 80403, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France. Phone: 33 (0)3 83 68 22 91. Fax: 33 (0)3 83 68 23 01. E-mail: Christophe.Gantzer{at}pharma.uhp-nancy.fr.

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 13 October 2006.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2006, p. 7671-7677, Vol. 72, No. 12
0099-2240/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.01106-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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