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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, February 2006, p. 1040-1044, Vol. 72, No. 2
0099-2240/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.72.2.1040-1044.2006

Biodegradation of 3-Nitrotyrosine by Burkholderia sp. Strain JS165 and Variovorax paradoxus JS171

Shirley F. Nishino1,2,{dagger} and Jim C. Spain1,2*

Air Force Research Laboratory, Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida 32403-5323,1 School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-05122

Received 1 October 2005/ Accepted 16 November 2005

The cascade of reactive nitrogen species generated from nitric oxide causes modification of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids in a wide range of organisms. 3-Nitrotyrosine is one of the most common products of the action of reactive nitrogen species on proteins. Although a great deal is known about the formation of 3-nitrotyrosine, the subsequent metabolism of this compound is a mystery. Variovorax paradoxus JS171 and Burkholderia sp. strain JS165 were isolated from soil slurries when 3-nitrotyrosine was provided as the sole carbon, nitrogen, and energy source. During growth on 3-nitrotyrosine stoichiometric amounts of nitrite were released along with approximately one-half of the theoretically available ammonia. The catabolic pathway involving oxidative denitration is distinct from the pathway for tyrosine metabolism. The facile isolation and the specific, regulated pathway for 3-nitrotyrosine degradation in natural ecosystems suggest that there is a significant flux of 3-nitrotyrosine in such environments.

* Corresponding author. Current address: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 311 Ferst Dr., Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0512. Phone: (404) 894-0628. Fax: (404) 894-8266. E-mail: jspain{at}ce.gatech.edu.

{dagger} Current address: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0512.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, February 2006, p. 1040-1044, Vol. 72, No. 2
0099-2240/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.72.2.1040-1044.2006




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  • Rankin, L. D., Bodenmiller, D. M., Partridge, J. D., Nishino, S. F., Spain, J. C., Spiro, S. (2008). Escherichia coli NsrR Regulates a Pathway for the Oxidation of 3-Nitrotyramine to 4-Hydroxy-3-Nitrophenylacetate. J. Bacteriol. 190: 6170-6177 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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