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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, April 2006, p. 2982-2987, Vol. 72, No. 4
0099-2240/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.72.4.2982-2987.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Acanthocytes of Stropharia rugosoannulata Function as a Nematode-Attacking Device

Hong Luo,1 Xuan Li,2 Guohong Li,1 Yanbo Pan,1 and Keqin Zhang1*

Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources, Yunnan University,1 Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, People's Republic of China2

Received 17 October 2005/ Accepted 31 January 2006

Efficient killing of nematodes by Stropharia rugosoannulata Farlow ex Murrill cultures was observed. This fungus showed the ability to immobilize the free-living nematode Panagrellus redivivus Goodey within minutes and to immobilize the pine wilt nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer) Nickle within hours on agar plates. Moreover, P. redivivus worms were completely degraded by the fungus within 24 to 48 h. The cultures of S. rugosoannulata studied shared the characteristic of abundantly producing cells with finger-like projections called acanthocytes. We showed that the nematode-attacking activity of this fungus is carried out by these spiny acanthocytes and that mechanical force is an important factor in the process. Furthermore, the growth and nematode-attacking activity of the fungus in soil were also determined, and our results suggest that acanthocytes are functional in soil.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, People's Republic of China. Phone: (86) 871 5034878. Fax: (86) 871 5034838. E-mail: kqzhang1{at}yahoo.com.cn.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, April 2006, p. 2982-2987, Vol. 72, No. 4
0099-2240/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.72.4.2982-2987.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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Copyright © 2006 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.