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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, May 2006, p. 3184-3190, Vol. 72, No. 5
0099-2240/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.72.5.3184-3190.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Manganese(II)-Oxidizing Bacillus Spores in Guaymas Basin Hydrothermal Sediments and Plumes

Gregory J. Dick, Yifan E. Lee, and Bradley M. Tebo*

Marine Biology Research Division and Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0202

Received 28 June 2005/ Accepted 6 February 2006

Microbial oxidation and precipitation of manganese at deep-sea hydrothermal vents are important oceanic biogeochemical processes, yet nothing is known about the types of microorganisms or mechanisms involved. Here we report isolation of a number of diverse spore-forming Mn(II)-oxidizing Bacillus species from Guaymas Basin, a deep-sea hydrothermal vent environment in the Gulf of California, where rapid microbially mediated Mn(II) oxidation was previously observed. mnxG multicopper oxidase genes involved in Mn(II) oxidation were amplified from all Mn(II)-oxidizing Bacillus spores isolated, suggesting that a copper-mediated mechanism of Mn(II) oxidation could be important at deep-sea hydrothermal vents. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA and mnxG genes revealed that while many of the deep-sea Mn(II)-oxidizing Bacillus species are very closely related to previously recognized isolates from coastal sediments, other organisms represent novel strains and clusters. The growth and Mn(II) oxidation properties of these Bacillus species suggest that in hydrothermal sediments they are likely present as spores that are active in oxidizing Mn(II) as it emerges from the seafloor.

* Corresponding author. Present address: Department of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, OGI School of Science & Engineering, Oregon Health & Sciences University, 20000 NW Walker Rd., Beaverton, OR 97006. Phone: (503) 748-1992. Fax: (503) 748-1464. E-mail: tebo{at}ebs.ogi.edu.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, May 2006, p. 3184-3190, Vol. 72, No. 5
0099-2240/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.72.5.3184-3190.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Mayhew, L. E., Swanner, E. D., Martin, A. P., Templeton, A. S. (2008). Phylogenetic Relationships and Functional Genes: Distribution of a Gene (mnxG) Encoding a Putative Manganese-Oxidizing Enzyme in Bacillus Species. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74: 7265-7271 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Holmes, D. E., Mester, T., O'Neil, R. A., Perpetua, L. A., Larrahondo, M. J., Glaven, R., Sharma, M. L., Ward, J. E., Nevin, K. P., Lovley, D. R. (2008). Genes for two multicopper proteins required for Fe(III) oxide reduction in Geobacter sulfurreducens have different expression patterns both in the subsurface and on energy-harvesting electrodes. Microbiology 154: 1422-1435 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Dick, G. J., Torpey, J. W., Beveridge, T. J., Tebo, B. M. (2008). Direct Identification of a Bacterial Manganese(II) Oxidase, the Multicopper Oxidase MnxG, from Spores of Several Different Marine Bacillus Species. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74: 1527-1534 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
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