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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, May 2007, p. 3440-3445, Vol. 73, No. 10
0099-2240/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02831-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

SHORT REPORT

Global Transcriptional Response of Nitrosomonas europaea to Chloroform and Chloromethane{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Barbara O. Gvakharia,1 Elizabeth A. Permina,2 Mikhail S. Gelfand,3 Peter J. Bottomley,4 Luis A. Sayavedra-Soto,1 and Daniel J. Arp1*

Department of Botany and Plant Pathology,1 Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331,4 State Research Institute of Genetics and Selection of Industrial Microorganisms, 1st Dorozhnyj proezd 1, Moscow 113535, Russia,2 Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems RAS, Bolshoi Karetny per. 19, Moscow 127994, Russia3

Received 5 December 2006/ Accepted 12 March 2007

Upon exposure of Nitrosomonas europaea to chloroform (7 µM, 1 h), transcripts for 175 of 2,460 genes were found at higher levels in treated cells than in untreated cells and transcripts for 501 genes were found at lower levels. With chloromethane (3.2 mM, 1 h), transcripts for 67 genes were at higher levels and transcripts for 148 genes were at lower levels. Transcripts for 37 genes were at higher levels following both treatments and included genes for heat shock proteins, {sigma}-factors of the extracytoplasmic function subfamily, and toxin-antitoxin loci. N. europaea has higher levels of transcripts for a variety of defense genes when exposed to chloroform or chloromethane.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331. Phone: (541) 737-1294. Fax: (541) 737-5310. E-mail: arpd{at}science.oregonstate.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 16 March 2007.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://aem.asm.org/.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, May 2007, p. 3440-3445, Vol. 73, No. 10
0099-2240/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02831-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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