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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2007, p. 4250-4258, Vol. 73, No. 13
0099-2240/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.00081-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Nitric Oxide Reductase-Targeted Real-Time PCR Quantification of Denitrifier Populations in Soil{triangledown}

C. E. Dandie,1 M. N. Miller,1,3 D. L. Burton,2 B. J. Zebarth,1 J. T. Trevors,3 and C. Goyer1*

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Potato Research Centre, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B4Z7, Canada,1 Nova Scotia Agricultural College, Department of Environmental Sciences, Truro, Nova Scotia B2N5E3, Canada,2 University of Guelph, Department of Environmental Biology, Guelph, Ontario N1G2W1, Canada3

Received 12 January 2007/ Accepted 12 April 2007

The quantification of denitrifying bacteria is a component in the further understanding of denitrification processes in the environment. Real-time PCR primers were designed to target two segments of the denitrifier population (cnorBP [Pseudomonas mandelii and closely related strains] and cnorBB [Bosea, Bradyrhizobium, and Ensifer spp.]) in agricultural soils based on functional cnorB (nitric oxide reductase) gene sequences. Total population numbers were measured using 16S rRNA gene real-time PCR. Two soil microcosm experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 examined the response of the indigenous soil microbial population to the addition of 500 mg/kg glucose-C daily over 7 days in soil microcosms. Changes in the total population were correlated (r = 0.83) between 16S rRNA gene copy numbers and microbial biomass carbon estimates. Members of the cnorBP population of denitrifiers showed typical r-strategy by being able to increase their proportion in the total population from starting levels of <0.1% to around 2.4% after a daily addition of 500 mg/kg glucose-C. The cnorBB guild was not able to increase its relative percentage of the total population in response to the addition of glucose-C, instead increasing copy numbers only in proportion with the total population measured by 16S rRNA genes. Experiment 2 measured population dynamics in soil after the addition of various amounts of glucose-C (0 to 500 mg/kg) and incubation under denitrifying conditions. cnorBP populations increased proportionally with the amount of glucose-C added (from 0 to 500 mg/kg). In soil microcosms, denitrification rates, respiration, and cnorBP population densities increased significantly with increasing rates of glucose addition. cnorBB guild densities did not increase significantly under denitrifying conditions in response to increasing C additions.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Potato Research Centre, P.O. Box 20280, Fredericton, NB E3B 4Z7, Canada. Phone: (506) 452-4851. Fax: (506) 452-3316. E-mail: goyercm{at}agr.gc.ca

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 20 April 2007.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2007, p. 4250-4258, Vol. 73, No. 13
0099-2240/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.00081-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

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