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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 2007, p. 6484-6498, Vol. 73, No. 20
0099-2240/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.00897-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Microarray-Based Characterization of the Listeria monocytogenes Cold Regulon in Log- and Stationary-Phase Cells{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Yvonne C. Chan, Sarita Raengpradub, Kathryn J. Boor, and Martin Wiedmann*

Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853

Received 20 April 2007/ Accepted 15 August 2007

Whole-genome microarray experiments were performed to define the Listeria monocytogenes cold growth regulon and to identify genes differentially expressed during growth at 4 and 37°C. Microarray analysis using a stringent cutoff (adjusted P < 0.001; ≥2.0-fold change) revealed 105 and 170 genes that showed higher transcript levels in logarithmic- and stationary-phase cells, respectively, at 4°C than in cells grown at 37°C. A total of 74 and 102 genes showed lower transcript levels in logarithmic- and stationary-phase cells, respectively, grown at 4°C. Genes with higher transcript levels at 4°C in both stationary- and log-phase cells included genes encoding a two-component response regulator (lmo0287), a cold shock protein (cspL), and two RNA helicases (lmo0866 and lmo1722), whereas a number of genes encoding virulence factors and heat shock proteins showed lower transcript levels at 4°C. Selected genes that showed higher transcript levels at 4°C during both stationary and log phases were confirmed by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. Our data show that (i) a large number of L. monocytogenes genes are differentially expressed at 4 and 37°C, with more genes showing higher transcript levels than lower transcript levels at 4°C, (ii) L. monocytogenes genes with higher transcript levels at 4°C include a number of genes and operons with previously reported or plausible roles in cold adaptation, and (iii) L. monocytogenes genes with lower transcript levels at 4°C include a number of virulence and virulence-associated genes as well as some heat shock genes.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: 412 Stocking Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853. Phone: (607) 254-2838. Fax: (607) 254-4868. E-mail: mw16{at}cornell.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 24 August 2007.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://aem.asm.org/.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 2007, p. 6484-6498, Vol. 73, No. 20
0099-2240/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.00897-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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