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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2007, p. 7531-7535, Vol. 73, No. 23
0099-2240/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.01672-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Frequency of Secondary Symbiont Infection in an Invasive Psyllid Relates to Parasitism Pressure on a Geographic Scale in California{triangledown}

A. K. Hansen,* G. Jeong,{dagger} T. D. Paine, and R. Stouthamer

Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521

Received 20 July 2007/ Accepted 5 October 2007

Two endosymbionts, an obligate primary symbiont and a facultative secondary symbiont, are harbored within the invasive red gum (eucalyptus) lerp psyllid, Glycaspis brimblecombei, in California. An extensive survey of diversity and frequency of G. brimblecombei's secondary symbiont in multiple populations throughout the state of California was conducted using PCR detection, restriction enzymes, cloning, and sequencing. A total of 380 G. brimblecombei individuals in 19 populations were screened for secondary symbionts. Based on molecular screening results, only one type of secondary symbiont was present in G. brimblecombei populations in California. Overall, 40% of the 380 psyllids screened were infected with the secondary symbiont. Interestingly, secondary symbiont infection frequencies in G. brimblecombei populations varied dramatically from 0 to 75% and were significantly related to parasitism pressure by Psyllaphaegus bliteus, a solitary endoparasitoid of the psyllid.


* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521. Phone: (951) 827-4488. Fax: (951) 827-3086. E-mail: allison.hansen{at}email.ucr.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 12 October 2007.

{dagger} Present address: Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, S-225 Agricultural Science Center, North Lexington, KY 40546.


Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2007, p. 7531-7535, Vol. 73, No. 23
0099-2240/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.01672-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.




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