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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, February 2007, p. 785-792, Vol. 73, No. 3
0099-2240/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02032-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Biotransformation of Patulin by Gluconobacter oxydans{triangledown}

A. Ricelli,1 F. Baruzzi,1 M. Solfrizzo,1* M. Morea,1 and F. P. Fanizzi2,3

Institute of Sciences of Food Production, CNR, Bari, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari,1 Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Università di Lecce, 73100 Lecce,2 Consorzio C.A.R.S.O. Cancer Research Center, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy3

Received 28 August 2006/ Accepted 7 November 2006

A bacterium isolated from patulin-contaminated apples was capable of degrading patulin to a less-toxic compound, ascladiol. The bacterium was identified as Gluconobacter oxydans by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, whereas ascladiol was identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance. Degradation of up to 96% of patulin was observed in apple juices containing up to 800 µg/ml of patulin and incubated with G. oxydans.


* Corresponding author. Mailing address: National Research Council, Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy. Phone: 39 080 5929367. Fax: 39 080 5929374. E-mail: Michele.solfrizzo{at}ispa.cnr.it.

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 17 November 2006.


Applied and Environmental Microbiology, February 2007, p. 785-792, Vol. 73, No. 3
0099-2240/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02032-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.