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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, January 2008, p. 158-171, Vol. 74, No. 1
0099-2240/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.00951-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Comparative Analysis of the {sigma}B-Dependent Stress Responses in Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria innocua Strains Exposed to Selected Stress Conditions{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Sarita Raengpradub, Martin Wiedmann, and Kathryn J. Boor*

Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853

Received 27 April 2007/ Accepted 1 November 2007

The alternative sigma factor {sigma}B contributes to transcription of stress response and virulence genes in diverse gram-positive bacterial species. The composition and functions of the Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria innocua {sigma}B regulons were hypothesized to differ due to virulence differences between these closely related species. Transcript levels in stationary-phase cells and in cells exposed to salt stress were characterized by microarray analyses for both species. In L. monocytogenes, 168 genes were positively regulated by {sigma}B; 145 of these genes were preceded by a putative {sigma}B consensus promoter. In L. innocua, 64 genes were positively regulated by {sigma}B. {sigma}B contributed to acid stress survival in log-phase cells for both species but to survival in stationary-phase cells only for L. monocytogenes. In summary, (i) the L. monocytogenes {sigma}B regulon includes >140 genes that are both directly and positively regulated by {sigma}B, including genes encoding proteins with importance in stress response, virulence, transcriptional regulation, carbohydrate metabolism, and transport; (ii) a number of L. monocytogenes genes encoding flagellar proteins show higher transcript levels in the {Delta}sigB mutant, and both L. monocytogenes and L. innocua {Delta}sigB null mutants have increased motility compared to the respective isogenic parent strains, suggesting that {sigma}B affects motility and chemotaxis; and (iii) although L. monocytogenes and L. innocua differ in {sigma}B-dependent acid stress resistance and have species-specific {sigma}B-dependent genes, the L. monocytogenes and L. innocua {sigma}B regulons show considerable conservation, with a common set of at least 49 genes that are {sigma}B dependent in both species.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Food Science, 413 Stocking Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853. Phone: (607) 255-3111. Fax: (607) 254-4868. E-mail: kjb4{at}cornell.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 16 November 2007.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://aem.asm.org/.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, January 2008, p. 158-171, Vol. 74, No. 1
0099-2240/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.00951-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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