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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, May 2009, p. 3358-3361, Vol. 75, No. 10
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02538-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Activation and Transfer of the Chromosomal Phage Resistance Mechanism AbiV in Lactococcus lactis{triangledown}

Jakob Haaber,1 Sylvain Moineau,2 and Karin Hammer1*

Center for Systems Microbiology, DTU Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark,1 Département de Biochimie et de Microbiologie, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Félix d'Hérelle Reference Center for Bacterial Viruses, Université Laval, Québec, Canada G1V 0A62

Received 6 November 2008/ Accepted 9 March 2009

AbiV is a chromosomally encoded phage resistance mechanism that is silent in the wild-type phage-sensitive strain Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris MG1363. Spontaneous phage-resistant mutants of L. lactis MG1363 were analyzed by reverse transcriptase PCR and shown to express AbiV. This expression was related to a reorganization in the upstream region of abiV. Transfer of abiV between two lactococcal strains, most likely by conjugation, was also demonstrated. To our knowledge, this is the first report of natural transfer of a chromosomally encoded phage resistance mechanism.


* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Center for Systems Microbiology, DTU Systems Biology, Matematiktorvet Bldg. 301, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. Phone: 45 45 25 24 96. Fax: 45 45 93 28 09. E-mail: kha{at}bio.dtu.dk

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 13 March 2009.


Applied and Environmental Microbiology, May 2009, p. 3358-3361, Vol. 75, No. 10
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02538-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.