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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, February 2009, p. 567-572, Vol. 75, No. 3
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.00632-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Secondary Metabolites Produced by the Marine Bacterium Halobacillus salinus That Inhibit Quorum Sensing-Controlled Phenotypes in Gram-Negative Bacteria{triangledown}

Margaret E. Teasdale, Jiayuan Liu, Joselynn Wallace, Fatemeh Akhlaghi, and David C. Rowley*

Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881

Received 14 March 2008/ Accepted 24 November 2008

Certain bacteria use cell-to-cell chemical communication to coordinate community-wide phenotypic expression, including swarming motility, antibiotic biosynthesis, and biofilm production. Here we present a marine gram-positive bacterium that secretes secondary metabolites capable of quenching quorum sensing-controlled behaviors in several gram-negative reporter strains. Isolate C42, a Halobacillus salinus strain obtained from a sea grass sample, inhibits bioluminescence production by Vibrio harveyi in cocultivation experiments. With the use of bioassay-guided fractionation, two phenethylamide metabolites were identified as the active agents. The compounds additionally inhibit quorum sensing-regulated violacein biosynthesis by Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 and green fluorescent protein production by Escherichia coli JB525. Bacterial growth was unaffected at concentrations below 200 µg/ml. Evidence is presented that these nontoxic metabolites may act as antagonists of bacterial quorum sensing by competing with N-acyl homoserine lactones for receptor binding.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: University of Rhode Island, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 53 Fogarty Hall, Kingston, RI 02881. Phone: (401) 874-9228. Fax: (401) 874-5787. E-mail: drowley{at}uri.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 5 December 2008.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, February 2009, p. 567-572, Vol. 75, No. 3
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.00632-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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