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Appl. Environ. Microbiol. doi:10.1128/AEM.02589-06
Copyright (c) 2007, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions. All Rights Reserved.

Ferrous iron- and sulfur-induced genes in Sulfolobus metallicus

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: P.R.Norris{at}warwick.ac.uk.

	Abstract

Genes of Sulfolobus metallicus that appeared upregulated in relation to growth on either ferrous iron or sulfur were identified using subtractive hybridization of cDNAs. The genes upregulated during growth on ferrous iron were found in a cluster and most were predicted to encode membrane proteins. Quantitative RT-PCR of cDNA showed upregulation of most of these genes during growth on ferrous iron and pyrite compared to during growth on sulfur. The highest expression levels observed included those for genes encoding proteins with similarities to cytochrome c oxidase subunits and a CbsA-like cytochrome. The genes identified here that may be involved in oxidation of ferrous iron by S. metallicus are termed fox genes. Of three available genomes of Sulfolobus species (S. tokodaii, S. acidocaldarius and S. solfataricus), only that of S. tokodaii has a cluster of highly similar ORFs, and only S. tokodaii of these three species was also able to oxidize ferrous iron. A gene encoding sulfur oxygenase-reductase was identified as the source of the dominant transcript in sulfur-grown cells of S. metallicus, with the predicted protein showing high identities to the previously described examples from S. tokodaii and species of Acidianus.

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