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Appl. Environ. Microbiol. doi:10.1128/AEM.02939-06
Copyright (c) 2007, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions. All Rights Reserved.

Metabolite profiles of lactic acid bacteria in grass silage

Department of Chemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, and Department of Microbiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: Anders.Broberg{at}kemi.slu.se.

	Abstract

The metabolite production of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on silage was investigated. The aim was to compare the production of antifungal metabolites in silage with the production in liquid cultures, previously studied at our laboratory. The following metabolites were found to be present at elevated concentrations in silos which were inoculated with LAB-strains: 3-hydroxydecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid, benzoic acid, catechol, hydrocinnamic acid, salicylic acid, 3-phenyllactic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, (trans, trans)-3,4-dihydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid, p-hydrocoumaric acid, vanillic acid, azelaic acid, hydroferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, hydrocaffeic acid, ferulic acid and caffeic acid. Among these metabolites, the antifungal compounds 3-phenyllactic acid and 3-hydroxydecanoic acid were previously isolated in our laboratory from liquid cultures of the same LAB-strains using bioassay-guided fractionation. Other metabolites, e.g. p-hydrocoumaric acid, hydroferulic acid and p-coumaric acid, were concluded to be released from the grass by the added LAB strains. The antifungal activity of the identified metabolites in 100 mM lactic acid was investigated. The MIC-values against Pichia anomala, Penicillium roqueforti and Aspergillus fumigatus, were determined, and 3-hydroxydecanoic acid showed the lowest MIC-values (0.1 mg ml^-1 for two of the three test organisms).