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Applied and Environmental Microbiology
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  • Home
  • Articles
    • Current Issue
    • Accepted Manuscripts
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    • Minireviews
  • For Authors
    • Submit a Manuscript
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  • Generation of Lactose- and Protease-Positive Probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG by Conjugation with Lactococcus lactis NCDO 712.
    Generation of Lactose- and Protease-Positive Probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG by Conjugation with Lactococcus lactis NCDO 712.
  • Myxococcus xanthus Predation of Gram-Positive or Gram-Negative Bacteria Is Mediated by Different Bacteriolytic Mechanisms.
    Myxococcus xanthus Predation of Gram-Positive or Gram-Negative Bacteria Is Mediated by Different Bacteriolytic Mechanisms.
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    Articles of Significant Interest in This Issue
    Spotlight
    Articles of Significant Interest in This Issue

Minireview

  • Modulating the Gut Microbiota of Humans by Dietary Intervention with Plant Glycans
    Minireview | Spotlight
    Modulating the Gut Microbiota of Humans by Dietary Intervention with Plant Glycans

    The human colon contains a community of microbial species, mostly bacteria, which is often referred to as the gut microbiota. The community is considered essential to human well-being by conferring additional energy-harvesting capacity, niche exclusion of pathogens, and molecular signaling activities that are integrated into human physiological processes.

    Gerald W. Tannock

Biodegradation

  • The Operon Encoding Hydrolytic Dehalogenation of 4-Chlorobenzoate Is Transcriptionally Regulated by the TetR-Type Repressor FcbR and Its Ligand 4-Chlorobenzoyl Coenzyme A
    Biodegradation
    The Operon Encoding Hydrolytic Dehalogenation of 4-Chlorobenzoate Is Transcriptionally Regulated by the TetR-Type Repressor FcbR and Its Ligand 4-Chlorobenzoyl Coenzyme A

    The bacterial hydrolytic dehalogenation of 4CBA is a special CoA-activation-type catabolic pathway that plays an important role in the biodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyls and some herbicides. With genetic and biochemical approaches, the present study identified the transcriptional repressor and its cognate effector of a 4CBA hydrolytic dehalogenation operon.

    Minggen Cheng, Dongmei Pei, Xiangrong He, Yongchuang Liu, Pingping Zhu, Xin Yan

Biotechnology

  • A CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated, Homology-Independent Tool Developed for Targeted Genome Integration in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Yarrowia lipolytica</span>
    Biotechnology
    A CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated, Homology-Independent Tool Developed for Targeted Genome Integration in Yarrowia lipolytica

    This study describes the development and optimization of a homology-independent targeted genome integration tool mediated by CRISPR/Cas9 in Yarrowia lipolytica. This tool does not require the construction of homologous templates and can be used to rapidly verify genetic elements and to iteratively integrate multiple-gene pathways in...

    Zhiyong Cui, Huihui Zheng, Jinhong Zhang, Zhennan Jiang, Ziwei Zhu, Xiaoqin Liu, Qingsheng Qi, Jin Hou
  • Discovery and Functional Analysis of a Salicylic Acid Hydroxylase from <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Aspergillus niger</span>
    Biotechnology | Spotlight
    Discovery and Functional Analysis of a Salicylic Acid Hydroxylase from Aspergillus niger

    Nonrenewable petroleum sources are being depleted, and therefore, alternative sources are needed. Plant biomass is one of the most abundant renewable sources on Earth and is efficiently degraded by fungi.

    Ronnie J. M. Lubbers, Adiphol Dilokpimol, Jaap Visser, Kristiina S. Hildén, Miia R. Mäkelä, Ronald P. de Vries

Environmental Microbiology

  • Signal Synthase-Type versus Catabolic Monooxygenases: Retracing 3-Hydroxylation of 2-Alkylquinolones and Their <em>N</em>-Oxides by <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</span> and Other Pulmonary Pathogens
    Environmental Microbiology | Spotlight
    Signal Synthase-Type versus Catabolic Monooxygenases: Retracing 3-Hydroxylation of 2-Alkylquinolones and Their N-Oxides by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Other Pulmonary Pathogens

    Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Mycobacteroides abscessus are major players in bacterial chronic infections and particularly common colonizers of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung tissue. Whereas...

    Niklas H. Ritzmann, Steffen L. Drees, Susanne Fetzner
  • Arsenate-Induced Changes in Bacterial Metabolite and Lipid Pools during Phosphate Stress
    Environmental Microbiology
    Arsenate-Induced Changes in Bacterial Metabolite and Lipid Pools during Phosphate Stress

    Arsenic is widespread in the environment and is one of the most ubiquitous environmental pollutants. Parodoxically, the growth of certain bacteria is enhanced by arsenic when phosphate is limited.

    Weiping Zhuang, Narayanaganesh Balasubramanian, Lu Wang, Qian Wang, Timothy R. McDermott, Valérie Copié, Gejiao Wang, Brian Bothner
  • Open Access
    Hidden Diversity within Common Protozoan Parasites as Revealed by a Novel Genomotyping Scheme
    Environmental Microbiology
    Hidden Diversity within Common Protozoan Parasites as Revealed by a Novel Genomotyping Scheme

    Giardia duodenalis assemblage B is a major waterborne pathogen and the most commonly identified genotype causing human giardiasis worldwide. The lack of morphological characters for classification requires the use of molecular techniques for strain differentiation; however, the absence of scalable and affordable next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based typing methods...

    Matthew H. Seabolt, Konstantinos T. Konstantinidis, Dawn M. Roellig
  • <em>In Vitro</em> Assessment of Antimicrobial Resistance Dissemination Dynamics during Multidrug-Resistant-Bacterium Invasion Events by Using a Continuous-Culture Device
    Environmental Microbiology
    In Vitro Assessment of Antimicrobial Resistance Dissemination Dynamics during Multidrug-Resistant-Bacterium Invasion Events by Using a Continuous-Culture Device

    Antimicrobial resistance poses a grave threat to public health and reduces the effectiveness of antimicrobial drugs in treating bacterial infections. Antimicrobial resistance is transmissible, either by horizontal gene transfer between bacteria or by vertical gene transfer following inheritance of genetic traits.

    Ziyun Li, Lulu Shi, Bianfang Wang, Xin Wei, Jian Zhang, Tingting Guo, Jian Kong, Mingyu Wang, Hai Xu
  • Lighting Effects on the Development and Diversity of Photosynthetic Biofilm Communities in Carlsbad Cavern, New Mexico
    Environmental Microbiology
    Lighting Effects on the Development and Diversity of Photosynthetic Biofilm Communities in Carlsbad Cavern, New Mexico

    Artificial lighting in caves visited by tourists (“show caves”) can stimulate photosynthetic algae and cyanobacteria, called “lampenflora,” which are unsightly and damage speleothems and other cave surfaces. The most common mitigation strategy employs bleach, but altering intensities and wavelengths of light might be effective and less harsh.

    Zoë Havlena, Thomas L. Kieft, George Veni, Rodney D. Horrocks, Daniel S. Jones
  • Additional Role of Nicotinic Acid Hydroxylase for the Transformation of 3-Succinoyl-Pyridine by <em>Pseudomonas</em> sp. Strain JY-Q
    Environmental Microbiology
    Additional Role of Nicotinic Acid Hydroxylase for the Transformation of 3-Succinoyl-Pyridine by Pseudomonas sp. Strain JY-Q

    3-Succinoyl-pyridine (SP) and 6-hydroxy-3-succinoyl-pyridine (HSP) are both valuable chemical precursors to produce insecticides and hypotensive agents. SP and HSP could be renewable through the nicotine microbial degradation pathway, in which 3-succinoylpyridine monooxygenases (Spm) account for transforming SP into HSP in Pseudomonas sp. strain JY-Q.

    Jun Li, Shanshan Li, Linlin Xie, Guoqing Chen, Mingjie Shen, Fanda Pan, Ming Shu, Yang Yang, Yang Jiao, Fuming Zhang, Robert J. Linhardt, Weihong Zhong

Enzymology and Protein Engineering

  • Structural and Biochemical Analysis Reveals a Distinct Catalytic Site of Salicylate 5-Monooxygenase NagGH from Rieske Dioxygenases
    Enzymology and Protein Engineering
    Structural and Biochemical Analysis Reveals a Distinct Catalytic Site of Salicylate 5-Monooxygenase NagGH from Rieske Dioxygenases

    Rieske oxygenases are involved in the degradation of various aromatic compounds. These dioxygenases usually carry out hydroxylation of hydrophobic aromatic compounds and supply substrates with hydroxyl groups for extradiol/intradiol dioxygenases to cleave rings, and have been extensively studied. Salicylate 5-hydroxylase NagGH is a novel Rieske monooxygenase with high similarity to Rieske dioxygenases, and also shares reductase and...

    Yan-Jie Hou, Yuan Guo, De-Feng Li, Ning-Yi Zhou
  • Alginate Degradation: Insights Obtained through Characterization of a Thermophilic Exolytic Alginate Lyase
    Enzymology and Protein Engineering
    Alginate Degradation: Insights Obtained through Characterization of a Thermophilic Exolytic Alginate Lyase

    The potential markets for seaweed-derived products and seaweed processing technologies are growing, yet commercial enzyme cocktails for complete conversion of seaweed to fermentable sugars are not available. Such an enzyme cocktail would require the catalytic properties of a variety of different enzymes, where fucoidanases, laminarinases, and cellulases together with endo- and exo-acting alginate lyases would be the key enzymes.

    ...
    Magnus Ø. Arntzen, Bjørn Pedersen, Leesa J. Klau, Runar Stokke, Maren Oftebro, Simen G. Antonsen, Lasse Fredriksen, Håvard Sletta, Olav A. Aarstad, Finn L. Aachmann, Svein J. Horn, Vincent G. H. Eijsink

Evolutionary and Genomic Microbiology

  • Open Access
    Genomic Insights into Methicillin-Resistant <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Staphylococcus aureus</span> <em>spa</em> Type t899 Isolates Belonging to Different Sequence Types
    Evolutionary and Genomic Microbiology
    Genomic Insights into Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus spa Type t899 Isolates Belonging to Different Sequence Types

    This study showed the genetic diversity and population structure of S. aureus presenting the same spa type, t899, but belonging to different STs. Our findings revealed that these isolates vary deeply in their core and accessory genomes, contrary to what is regularly inferred from studies using spa typing only.

    Henok Ayalew Tegegne, Ivana Koláčková, Martina Florianová, Pierre Wattiau, Tereza Gelbíčová, Cécile Boland, Jean-Yves Madec, Marisa Haenni, Renáta Karpíšková

Food Microbiology

  • Nature versus Nurture: Assessing the Impact of Strain Diversity and Pregrowth Conditions on <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Salmonella enterica</span>, <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-2">Escherichia coli</span>, and <em>Listeria</em> Species Growth and Survival on Selected Produce Items
    Food Microbiology | Spotlight
    Nature versus Nurture: Assessing the Impact of Strain Diversity and Pregrowth Conditions on Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, and Listeria Species Growth and Survival on Selected Produce Items

    Our findings suggest that inclusion of multiple pregrowth conditions in inoculation studies can best capture the range of growth and survival patterns expected for Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli present on produce. This is particularly important for fresh and fresh-cut produce, where...

    Anna Sophia Harrand, Veronica Guariglia-Oropeza, Jordan Skeens, David Kent, Martin Wiedmann
  • Changes in Bacterial and Chemical Components and Growth Prediction for <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Lactobacillus sakei</span> during Kimoto-Style Fermentation Starter Preparation in Sake Brewing: a Comprehensive Analysis
    Food Microbiology
    Changes in Bacterial and Chemical Components and Growth Prediction for Lactobacillus sakei during Kimoto-Style Fermentation Starter Preparation in Sake Brewing: a Comprehensive Analysis

    It is important to produce lactic acid in kimoto-style seed mash; however, the bacterial transition is different depending on the sake brewery. The reason why there are diverse bacterial transitions during kimoto-style seed mash preparation for each sake brewery is unclear so far, and it causes difficulty in starting kimoto-style seed mash.

    Masayuki Takahashi, Kana Morikawa, Yasuko Kita, Takamasa Shimoda, Takeshi Akao, Nami Goto-Yamamoto
  • LysR Family Regulator LttR Controls Production of Conjugated Linoleic Acid in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Lactobacillus plantarum</span> by Directly Activating the <em>cla</em> Operon
    Food Microbiology
    LysR Family Regulator LttR Controls Production of Conjugated Linoleic Acid in Lactobacillus plantarum by Directly Activating the cla Operon

    Our work has identified a novel transcriptional regulator, LTTR, that regulates the production of CLA by activating the transcription of cla-dh and cla-dc, essential genes participating in CLA synthesis in Lactobacillus plantarum. This study provides insight into the regulatory mechanism of CLA synthesis and broadens our understanding of the...

    Xin-Xin Liu, Zhi-Qiang Xiong, Guang-Qiang Wang, Li-Feng Wang, Yong-Jun Xia, Xin Song, Lian-Zhong Ai
  • Generation of Lactose- and Protease-Positive Probiotic <em>Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus</em> GG by Conjugation with <em>Lactococcus lactis</em> NCDO 712
    Food Microbiology
    Generation of Lactose- and Protease-Positive Probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG by Conjugation with Lactococcus lactis NCDO 712

    Probiotic strain Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is widely sold on the market as a probiotic or added as a supplement in dairy foods because of its benefits in human health. However, due to the deficiency of lactose and casein utilization, LGG does not grow well in milk.

    Nazar Hussain, Ran Li, Timo M. Takala, Muhammad Tariq, Arsalan H. Zaidi, Per E. J. Saris

Genetics and Molecular Biology

  • Control of Competence in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Vibrio fischeri</span>
    Genetics and Molecular Biology
    Control of Competence in Vibrio fischeri

    The ability of bacteria to take up DNA (competence) and incorporate foreign DNA into their genomes (transformation) permits them to rapidly evolve and gain new traits and/or acquire antibiotic resistances. It also facilitates laboratory-based investigations into mechanisms of specific phenotypes, such as those involved in host colonization. Vibrio fischeri has long...

    Joshua J. Cohen, Steven J. Eichinger, Danae A. Witte, Connor J. Cook, Pat M. Fidopiastis, Jovanka Tepavčević, Karen L. Visick
  • The Ethanologenic Bacterium <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Zymomonas mobilis</span> Divides Asymmetrically and Exhibits Heterogeneity in DNA Content
    Genetics and Molecular Biology
    The Ethanologenic Bacterium Zymomonas mobilis Divides Asymmetrically and Exhibits Heterogeneity in DNA Content

    With increasing environmental concerns about the exhausting use of fossil fuels, development of a sustainable biofuel production platform has been attracting significant public attention. Ethanologenic Z. mobilis species are endowed with an efficient ethanol fermentation capacity that surpasses, in several respects, that of baker’s yeast (...

    Katsuya Fuchino, Helena Chan, Ling Chin Hwang, Per Bruheim
  • A <em>Pseudoalteromonas</em> Clade with Remarkable Biosynthetic Potential
    Genetics and Molecular Biology
    A Pseudoalteromonas Clade with Remarkable Biosynthetic Potential

    This study demonstrates that the Pseudoalteromonas strain HM-SA03, isolated from the venomous blue-ringed octopus, Hapalochalaena sp., is a biosynthetically talented organism, capable of producing alterochromides and potentially six other specialized metabolites. We identified a pseudoalterobactin biosynthesis gene cluster and proposed a pathway for the production of the associated siderophore.

    Rocky Chau, Leanne A. Pearson, Jesse Cain, John A. Kalaitzis, Brett A. Neilan

Geomicrobiology

  • Open Access
    Microbe-Mineral Interaction and Novel Proteins for Iron Oxide Mineral Reduction in the Hyperthermophilic Crenarchaeon <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Pyrodictium delaneyi</span>
    Geomicrobiology
    Microbe-Mineral Interaction and Novel Proteins for Iron Oxide Mineral Reduction in the Hyperthermophilic Crenarchaeon Pyrodictium delaneyi

    Understanding iron reduction in the hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon Pyrodictium delaneyi provides insight into the diversity of mechanisms used for this process and its potential impact in geothermal environments. The ability of P. delaneyi to reduce Fe(III) oxide minerals through direct contact potentially using a novel cytochrome respiratory complex and a...

    Srishti Kashyap, James F. Holden
  • Bacteria and Metabolic Potential in Karst Caves Revealed by Intensive Bacterial Cultivation and Genome Assembly
    Geomicrobiology
    Bacteria and Metabolic Potential in Karst Caves Revealed by Intensive Bacterial Cultivation and Genome Assembly

    Karst caves are oligotrophic environments that are dark and humid and have a relatively stable annual temperature. The diversity of bacteria and their metabolisms are crucial for understanding the biogeochemical cycling in cave ecosystems.

    Hai-Zhen Zhu, Zhi-Feng Zhang, Nan Zhou, Cheng-Ying Jiang, Bao-Jun Wang, Lei Cai, Hong-Mei Wang, Shuang-Jiang Liu

Invertebrate Microbiology

  • Open Access
    Dichotomy between Regulation of Coral Bacterial Communities and Calcification Physiology under Ocean Acidification Conditions
    Invertebrate Microbiology
    Dichotomy between Regulation of Coral Bacterial Communities and Calcification Physiology under Ocean Acidification Conditions

    Ocean acidification (OA) is a consequence of anthropogenic CO2 emissions that is negatively impacting marine ecosystems such as coral reefs. OA affects many aspects of coral physiology, including growth (i.e., calcification) and disrupting associated bacterial communities.

    A. Shore, R. D. Day, J. A. Stewart, C. A. Burge
  • Essential Roles of Two FRQ Proteins (Frq1 and Frq2) in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Beauveria bassiana</span>’s Virulence, Infection Cycle, and Calcofluor-Specific Signaling
    Invertebrate Microbiology
    Essential Roles of Two FRQ Proteins (Frq1 and Frq2) in Beauveria bassiana’s Virulence, Infection Cycle, and Calcofluor-Specific Signaling

    Opposite nuclear rhythms of two distinct FRQ proteins (Frq1 and Frq2) coexisting in an asexual fungal insect pathogen have been shown to orchestrate the fungal nonrhythmic conidiation in vitro in a circadian day independent of photoperiod change. This paper reports essential roles of both Frq1 and Frq2, but a greater role for Frq2, in sustaining the fungal virulence and infection cycle since either frq1 or frq2...

    Sen-Miao Tong, Ben-Jie Gao, Han Peng, Ming-Guang Feng

Methods

  • Portable CRISPR-Cas9<sup>N</sup> System for Flexible Genome Engineering in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Lactobacillus acidophilus</span>, <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-2">Lactobacillus gasseri</span>, and <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-3">Lactobacillus paracasei</span>
    Methods
    Portable CRISPR-Cas9N System for Flexible Genome Engineering in Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus gasseri, and Lactobacillus paracasei

    This work describes the development of a lactobacillus CRISPR-based editing system for genome manipulations in three Lactobacillus species belonging to the lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which are commonly known for their long history of use in food fermentations and as indigenous members of healthy microbiotas and for their emerging roles in human and animal commercial health-promoting applications. We exploited the established...

    Yong Jun Goh, Rodolphe Barrangou
  • Open Access
    Harnessing CRISPR-Cas9 for Genome Editing in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Streptococcus pneumoniae</span> D39V
    Methods
    Harnessing CRISPR-Cas9 for Genome Editing in Streptococcus pneumoniae D39V

    Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) is an important opportunistic human pathogen killing more than 1 million people each year. Having the availability of a system capable of easy genome editing would significantly facilitate drug discovery and efforts to identify new vaccine candidates.

    Dimitra Synefiaridou, Jan-Willem Veening

Microbial Ecology

  • Fecal Microbiota Nutrient Utilization Potential Suggests Mucins as Drivers for Initial Gut Colonization of Mother-Child-Shared Bacteria
    Microbial Ecology | Spotlight
    Fecal Microbiota Nutrient Utilization Potential Suggests Mucins as Drivers for Initial Gut Colonization of Mother-Child-Shared Bacteria

    The initial bacterial colonization of human infants is crucial for lifelong health. Understanding the factors driving this colonization will therefore be of great importance.

    Morten Nilsen, Asima Lokmic, Inga Leena Angell, Karin C. Lødrup Carlsen, Kai-Håkon Carlsen, Guttorm Haugen, Gunilla Hedlin, Christine Monceyron Jonassen, Benjamin J. Marsland, Björn Nordlund, Eva Maria Rehbinder, Carina Madelen Saunders, Håvard O. Skjerven, Lars Snipen, Anne Cathrine Staff, Cilla Söderhäll, Riyas Vettukattil, Knut Rudi
  • Adjacent Terrestrial Landscapes Impact the Biogeographical Pattern of Soil <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Escherichia coli</span> Strains in Produce Fields by Modifying the Importance of Environmental Selection and Dispersal
    Microbial Ecology
    Adjacent Terrestrial Landscapes Impact the Biogeographical Pattern of Soil Escherichia coli Strains in Produce Fields by Modifying the Importance of Environmental Selection and Dispersal

    Understanding the ecology of enteric bacteria in extrahost environments is important for the development and implementation of strategies to minimize preharvest contamination of produce with enteric pathogens. Our findings suggest that watershed landscape is an important factor influencing the importance of ecological drivers and dispersal patterns of E. coli.

    ...
    Jingqiu Liao, Peter Bergholz, Martin Wiedmann
  • The Reliability of Metagenome-Assembled Genomes (MAGs) in Representing Natural Populations: Insights from Comparing MAGs against Isolate Genomes Derived from the Same Fecal Sample
    Microbial Ecology
    The Reliability of Metagenome-Assembled Genomes (MAGs) in Representing Natural Populations: Insights from Comparing MAGs against Isolate Genomes Derived from the Same Fecal Sample

    Metagenome assembly and the recovery of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) have recently become common tasks for microbiome studies across environmental and clinical settings. However, the extent to which MAGs can capture the genes of the population they represent remains speculative.

    Alexandra Meziti, Luis M. Rodriguez-R, Janet K. Hatt, Angela Peña-Gonzalez, Karen Levy, Konstantinos T. Konstantinidis
  • <em>Salmonella</em> Genomics and Population Analyses Reveal High Inter- and Intraserovar Diversity in Freshwater
    Microbial Ecology
    Salmonella Genomics and Population Analyses Reveal High Inter- and Intraserovar Diversity in Freshwater

    Salmonella is a leading cause of bacterial foodborne illness in the United States, and outbreaks linked to fresh produce are increasing. Understanding Salmonella ecology in freshwater is of importance, especially where irrigation practices or recreational use occur.

    Abigail M. Deaven, Christina M. Ferreira, Elizabeth A. Reed, Jeremy R. Chen See, Nora A. Lee, Eduardo Almaraz, Paula C. Rios, Jacob G. Marogi, Regina Lamendella, Jie Zheng, Rebecca L. Bell, Nikki W. Shariat

Physiology

  • Acquired Resistance to Severe Ethanol Stress in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Saccharomyces cerevisiae</span> Protein Quality Control
    Physiology
    Acquired Resistance to Severe Ethanol Stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Protein Quality Control

    Although the budding yeast S. cerevisiae, which is used in the production of alcoholic beverages and bioethanol, is highly tolerant of ethanol, high concentrations of ethanol are also stressful to the yeast and cause various adverse effects, including protein denaturation. A pretreatment with mild stress improves the ethanol tolerance of yeast cells; however, it...

    Masashi Yoshida, Sae Kato, Shizu Fukuda, Shingo Izawa
  • Anaerobic Production of Isoprene by Engineered <em>Methanosarcina</em> Species Archaea
    Physiology
    Anaerobic Production of Isoprene by Engineered Methanosarcina Species Archaea

    A significant barrier to implementing renewable chemical technologies is high production costs relative to those for petroleum-derived products. Existing technologies using engineered organisms have difficulty competing with petroleum-derived chemicals due to the cost of feedstocks (such as glucose), product extraction, and purification.

    Jared Aldridge, Sean Carr, Karrie A. Weber, Nicole R. Buan
  • Swimming <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Escherichia coli</span> Cells Explore the Environment by Lévy Walk
    Physiology
    Swimming Escherichia coli Cells Explore the Environment by Lévy Walk

    E. coli cells explore the environment in a random walk of alternating runs and tumbles. By tracking the 3D trajectories of E. coli cells in an aqueous environment, we found that their trajectories are superdiffusive, with a power-law shape for the distribution of run lengths, which is...

    Haiyan Huo, Rui He, Rongjing Zhang, Junhua Yuan
  • Formate-Dependent Heterodisulfide Reduction in a <em>Methanomicrobiales</em> Archaeon
    Physiology | Spotlight
    Formate-Dependent Heterodisulfide Reduction in a Methanomicrobiales Archaeon

    Methanogens from the order Methanomicrobiales are thought to prefer H2 as an electron donor for growth. They are ubiquitous in anaerobic environments, such as in wastewater treatment facilities, anaerobic digesters, and the rumen, where they catalyze the terminal steps in the breakdown of organic matter.

    Mohd Farid Abdul Halim, Leslie A. Day, Kyle C. Costa

Plant Microbiology

  • The Golgin Protein RUD3 Regulates <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Fusarium graminearum</span> Growth and Virulence
    Plant Microbiology
    The Golgin Protein RUD3 Regulates Fusarium graminearum Growth and Virulence

    Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by the fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum is an economically important disease of wheat and other small grain cereal crops worldwide, and limited effective control strategies are available. A better understanding of the regulation mechanisms of F. graminearum...

    Chenyu Wang, Yao Wang, Liyuan Zhang, Ziyi Yin, Yuancun Liang, Lei Chen, Shenshen Zou, Hansong Dong
  • Open Access
    Colonization of Naive Roots from <em>Populus tremula</em> × <em>alba</em> Involves Successive Waves of Fungi and Bacteria with Different Trophic Abilities
    Plant Microbiology
    Colonization of Naive Roots from Populus tremula × alba Involves Successive Waves of Fungi and Bacteria with Different Trophic Abilities

    The tree root microbiome is composed of a very diverse set of bacterial and fungal communities. These microorganisms have a profound impact on tree growth, development, and protection against different types of stress.

    F. Fracchia, L. Mangeot-Peter, L. Jacquot, F. Martin, C. Veneault-Fourrey, A. Deveau

Public and Environmental Health Microbiology

  • Reduced Antibacterial Drug Resistance and <em>bla</em><sub>CTX-M</sub> β-Lactamase Gene Carriage in Cattle-Associated <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Escherichia coli</span> at Low Temperatures, at Sites Dominated by Older Animals, and on Pastureland: Implications for Surveillance
    Public and Environmental Health Microbiology
    Reduced Antibacterial Drug Resistance and blaCTX-M β-Lactamase Gene Carriage in Cattle-Associated Escherichia coli at Low Temperatures, at Sites Dominated by Older Animals, and on Pastureland: Implications for Surveillance

    Antibacterial resistance poses a significant threat to human and animal health and global food security. Surveillance for resistance on farms is important for many reasons, including tracking impacts of interventions aimed at reducing the prevalence of resistance.

    Hannah Schubert, Katy Morley, Emma F. Puddy, Robert Arbon, Jacqueline Findlay, Oliver Mounsey, Virginia C. Gould, Lucy Vass, Madeleine Evans, Gwen M. Rees, David C. Barrett, Katy M. Turner, Tristan A. Cogan, Matthew B. Avison, Kristen K. Reyher
  • <em>Listeria</em> spp. Isolated from Tonsils of Wild Deer and Boars: Genomic Characterization
    Public and Environmental Health Microbiology
    Listeria spp. Isolated from Tonsils of Wild Deer and Boars: Genomic Characterization

    Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne bacterial pathogen responsible for listeriosis. Whole-genome sequencing has been extensively used in public health and food industries to characterize circulating Listeria isolates, but genomic data on isolates occurring in natural environments and wild animals are still scarce.

    Carla Palacios-Gorba, Alexandra Moura, Alexandre Leclercq, Ángel Gómez-Martín, Jesús Gomis, Estrella Jiménez-Trigos, María L. Mocé, Marc Lecuit, Juan J. Quereda
  • Open Access
    Long-Term Survival of Virulent Tularemia Pathogens outside a Host in Conditions That Mimic Natural Aquatic Environments
    Public and Environmental Health Microbiology
    Long-Term Survival of Virulent Tularemia Pathogens outside a Host in Conditions That Mimic Natural Aquatic Environments

    Tularemia, a disease caused by the environmental bacterium Francisella tularensis, is characterized by acute febrile illness. F. tularensis is highly infectious: as few as 10 organisms can cause human disease. Tularemia is not known to be spread from person to person.

    Igor Golovliov, Stina Bäckman, Malin Granberg, Emelie Salomonsson, Eva Lundmark, Jonas Näslund, Joseph D. Busch, Dawn Birdsell, Jason W. Sahl, David M. Wagner, Anders Johansson, Mats Forsman, Johanna Thelaus

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Applied and Environmental Microbiology: 87 (6)

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