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Mycology

New Hybrids between Saccharomyces Sensu Stricto Yeast Species Found among Wine and Cider Production Strains

Isabelle Masneuf, Jørgen Hansen, Casper Groth, Jure Piskur, Denis Dubourdieu
Isabelle Masneuf
Faculté d’Oenologie de Bordeaux, 33400 Talence, France, and
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Jørgen Hansen
Carlsberg Research Laboratory, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, and
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Casper Groth
Department of Microbiology, Technical University of Denmark, DTU-301, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
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Jure Piskur
Department of Microbiology, Technical University of Denmark, DTU-301, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
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Denis Dubourdieu
Faculté d’Oenologie de Bordeaux, 33400 Talence, France, and
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DOI: 10.1128/AEM.64.10.3887-3892.1998
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    Fig. 1.

    Electrophoretic karyotyping of standard S. cerevisiae YNN 295 (lane 1), species hybrids (lane 2, CID1; lane 3, S6U), two S. bayanus strains (lane 4, VKM Y-1146; lane 5, CBS 380) and a S. cerevisiae strain (lane 6, VKM Y-502).

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    Fig. 2.

    RFLP analysis of PCR-amplified MET2 gene fragment. Lanes 1 to 6, restriction analysis with EcoRI. Lanes 7 to 12, restriction analysis with PstI. Lanes 1 and 6, S6U; lanes 2 and 8, CID1; lanes 3 and 9, S. cerevisiae VKM Y-502; lanes 4 and 10, S. cerevisiae type strain 1171; lanes 5 and 11, S. bayanus VKM Y-1146; lanes 6 and 12, S. bayanus CBS 380. M, molecular weight marker (marker VIII from Boehringer Mannheim). Numbers and arrows are base pair markers.

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    Fig. 3.

    Partial nucleotide sequences of the MET2genes from S. bayanus CBS 380 type strain (Bay T) (8), S. cerevisiae S288C (Cer-S288C) (15), the S. bayanus-like allele from S6U (S6U-1) and CID1 (CID1-1), and the S. cerevisiae-like allele from S6U (S6U-2) and CID1 (CID1-2). A dot denotes an identical nucleotide.

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    Fig. 4.

    mtDNA isolated from S. paradoxus (lane 1), S. carlsbergensis (lane 2), CID1 (lane 3), and S6U (lane 4) was digested with HaeIII, and the resulting fragments were separated on a 1% agarose gel. Lambda DNA cut withHindIII was used as a marker (M).

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    Fig. 5.

    The open reading frame of the mitochondrialOLI1 gene in various yeast species. The sequences begin with the start codon, ATG, and finish with the stop codon, TAA. A dot denotes an identical nucleotide. The type strain of S. bayanus was used in this study. The accession numbers of the sequences are Y16964 (Saccharomyces sp. OLI1gene, strain CID1), Y16965 (S. bayanus OLI1 gene), andY16966 (Saccharomyces sp. OLI1 gene, strain S6U).

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  • Table 1.

    Yeast strains used in this study

    StrainOrigin or sourceaSpecies
    VKM Y-502VKMS. cerevisiae
    CBS 1171CBSS. cerevisiae (type strain)
    CBS 380CBSS. bayanus (type strain)
    VKM Y-1146VKMS. bayanus
    EG8INRA ColmarS. cerevisiae
    VL3cFaculté d’Oenologie de BordeauxS. cerevisiae
    VL1Faculté d’Oenologie de BordeauxS. cerevisiae
    SIHA3DarmstadtS. cerevisiae
    CID1Collection of J. HansenSpecies hybrid
    S6ULallemand Inc.Species hybrid
    P3Facultéd’Oenologie de BordeauxS. bayanus
    TB28Faculté d’Oenologie de BordeauxS. bayanus
    CBS 432CBSS. paradoxus (type strain)
    Y385Collection of J. PiskurS. carlsbergensis
    • ↵a CBS, Centraal Bureau voor Schimmelcultures, Baarn, The Netherlands; VKM, National Collection of Microorganisms, Moscow, Russia; CLIB, Collection de Levures d’Intérêt Biotechnologique, Paris, France.

  • Table 2.

    Nucleotide divergence among the sequences of the mitochondrial OLI1 gene from various yeast speciesa

    Species or hybrid strainNucleotide divergence
    S. paradoxusS. cerevisiaeS6UCID1
    S. paradoxus
    S. cerevisiae3 (1.3%)
    S6U3 (1.3%)0 (0%)
    CID16 (2.6%)5 (2.2%)5 (2.2%)
    S. bayanus9 (3.9%)6 (2.6%)6 (2.6%)5 (2.2%)
    • ↵a The number of changes between each pair of species is shown, and the percentage of divergence is shown in parentheses. The data for S. paradoxus andS. cerevisiae are from Ooi et al. (23) and Nicoletti et al. (21). The S. bayanus strain was CBS 380.

  • Table 3.

    Production of β-phenylethyl alcohol and β-phenylethyl acetate by different strains of S. cerevisiae andS. bayanus and by hybrid strains

    Species or typeYeast strainβ-Phenylethyl alcohol (mg/liter)β-Phenylethyl acetate (mg/liter)
    S. cerevisiaeEG815.60.63
    S. cerevisiaeVL3c22.80.68
    S. cerevisiaeVL116.50.45
    S. cerevisiaeSIHA318.60.91
    S. bayanusP325612.3
    S. bayanusTB281181.31
    HybridS6U47.62.17
    HybridCID148.31.61
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New Hybrids between Saccharomyces Sensu Stricto Yeast Species Found among Wine and Cider Production Strains
Isabelle Masneuf, Jørgen Hansen, Casper Groth, Jure Piskur, Denis Dubourdieu
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Oct 1998, 64 (10) 3887-3892; DOI: 10.1128/AEM.64.10.3887-3892.1998

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New Hybrids between Saccharomyces Sensu Stricto Yeast Species Found among Wine and Cider Production Strains
Isabelle Masneuf, Jørgen Hansen, Casper Groth, Jure Piskur, Denis Dubourdieu
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Oct 1998, 64 (10) 3887-3892; DOI: 10.1128/AEM.64.10.3887-3892.1998
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KEYWORDS

Beverages
Fruit
Saccharomyces
wine

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