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General Microbial Ecology

Low-Concentration Kinetics of Atmospheric CH4 Oxidation in Soil and Mechanism of NH4+ Inhibition

Jay Gulledge, Joshua P. Schimel
Jay Gulledge
The Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, and
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Joshua P. Schimel
Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
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DOI: 10.1128/AEM.64.11.4291-4298.1998
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ABSTRACT

NH4+ inhibition kinetics for CH4 oxidation were examined at near-atmospheric CH4 concentrations in three upland forest soils. Whether NH4+-independent salt effects could be neutralized by adding nonammoniacal salts to control samples in lieu of deionized water was also investigated. Because the levels of exchangeable endogenous NH4+ were very low in the three soils, desorption of endogenous NH4+was not a significant factor in this study. TheKm(app) values for water-treated controls were 9.8, 22, and 57 nM for temperate pine, temperate hardwood, and birch taiga soils, respectively. At CH4 concentrations of ≤15 μl liter−1, oxidation followed first-order kinetics in the fine-textured taiga soil, whereas the coarse-textured temperate soils exhibited Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Compared to water controls, the Km(app) values in the temperate soils increased in the presence of NH4+ salts, whereas the Vmax(app) values decreased substantially, indicating that there was a mixture of competitive and noncompetitive inhibition mechanisms for whole NH4+ salts. Compared to the corresponding K+ salt controls, the Km(app)values for NH4+ salts increased substantially, whereas the Vmax(app) values remained virtually unchanged, indicating that NH4+ acted by competitive inhibition. Nonammoniacal salts caused inhibition to increase with increasing CH4 concentrations in all three soils. In the birch taiga soil, this trend occurred with both NH4+ and K+ salts, and the slope of the increase was not affected by the addition of NH4+. Hence, the increase in inhibition resulted from an NH4+-independent mechanism. These results show that NH4+inhibition of atmospheric CH4 oxidation resulted from enzymatic substrate competition and that additional inhibition that was not competitive resulted from a general salt effect that was independent of NH4+.

  • Copyright © 1998 American Society for Microbiology
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Low-Concentration Kinetics of Atmospheric CH4 Oxidation in Soil and Mechanism of NH4+ Inhibition
Jay Gulledge, Joshua P. Schimel
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Nov 1998, 64 (11) 4291-4298; DOI: 10.1128/AEM.64.11.4291-4298.1998

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Low-Concentration Kinetics of Atmospheric CH4 Oxidation in Soil and Mechanism of NH4+ Inhibition
Jay Gulledge, Joshua P. Schimel
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Nov 1998, 64 (11) 4291-4298; DOI: 10.1128/AEM.64.11.4291-4298.1998
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