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Applied and Environmental Microbiology
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PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

Effect of Adaptation to Ethanol on Cytoplasmic and Membrane Protein Profiles of Oenococcus oeni

M. Graça Silveira, Maja Baumgärtner, Frank M. Rombouts, Tjakko Abee
M. Graça Silveira
1Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Wageningen University, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Maja Baumgärtner
2Department of Cell Biology, German Research Centre for Biotechnology, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
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Frank M. Rombouts
1Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Wageningen University, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Tjakko Abee
1Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Wageningen University, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands
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  • For correspondence: tjakko.abee@micro.fdsci.wag-ur.nl
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.5.2748-2755.2004
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ABSTRACT

The practical application of commercial malolactic starter cultures of Oenococcus oeni surviving direct inoculation in wine requires insight into mechanisms of ethanol toxicity and of acquired ethanol tolerance in this organism. Therefore, the site-specific location of proteins involved in ethanol adaptation, including cytoplasmic, membrane-associated, and integral membrane proteins, was investigated. Ethanol triggers alterations in protein patterns of O. oeni cells stressed with 12% ethanol for 1 h and those of cells grown in the presence of 8% ethanol. Levels of inosine-5′-monophosphate dehydrogenase and phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, which generate reduced nicotinamide nucleotides, were decreased during growth in the presence of ethanol, while glutathione reductase, which consumes NADPH, was induced, suggesting that maintenance of the redox balance plays an important role in ethanol adaptation. Phosphoenolpyruvate:mannose phosphotransferase system (PTS) components of mannose PTS, including the phosphocarrier protein HPr and EIIMan, were lacking in ethanol-adapted cells, providing strong evidence that mannose PTS is absent in ethanol-adapted cells, and this represents a metabolic advantage to O. oeni cells during malolactic fermentation. In cells grown in the presence of ethanol, a large increase in the number of membrane-associated proteins was observed. Interestingly, two of these proteins, dTDT-glucose-4,6-dehydratase and d-alanine:d-alanine ligase, are known to be involved in cell wall biosynthesis. Using a proteomic approach, we provide evidence for an active ethanol adaptation response of O. oeni at the cytoplasmic and membrane protein levels.

  • Copyright © 2004 American Society for Microbiology
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Effect of Adaptation to Ethanol on Cytoplasmic and Membrane Protein Profiles of Oenococcus oeni
M. Graça Silveira, Maja Baumgärtner, Frank M. Rombouts, Tjakko Abee
Applied and Environmental Microbiology May 2004, 70 (5) 2748-2755; DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.5.2748-2755.2004

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Effect of Adaptation to Ethanol on Cytoplasmic and Membrane Protein Profiles of Oenococcus oeni
M. Graça Silveira, Maja Baumgärtner, Frank M. Rombouts, Tjakko Abee
Applied and Environmental Microbiology May 2004, 70 (5) 2748-2755; DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.5.2748-2755.2004
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KEYWORDS

Adaptation, Physiological
Bacterial Proteins
Cytoplasm
ethanol
Gram-Positive Cocci
Membrane Proteins
proteome

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