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PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

Mutations of the Corynebacterium glutamicum NCgl1221 Gene, Encoding a Mechanosensitive Channel Homolog, Induce l-Glutamic Acid Production

Jun Nakamura, Seiko Hirano, Hisao Ito, Masaaki Wachi
Jun Nakamura
1Fermentation & Biotechnology Laboratories, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan
2Department of Bioengineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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Seiko Hirano
1Fermentation & Biotechnology Laboratories, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan
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Hisao Ito
1Fermentation & Biotechnology Laboratories, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan
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Masaaki Wachi
2Department of Bioengineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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  • For correspondence: mwachi@bio.titech.ac.jp
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.02446-06
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ABSTRACT

Corynebacterium glutamicum is a biotin auxotroph that secretes l-glutamic acid in response to biotin limitation; this process is employed in industrial l-glutamic acid production. Fatty acid ester surfactants and penicillin also induce l-glutamic acid secretion, even in the presence of biotin. However, the mechanism of l-glutamic acid secretion remains unclear. It was recently reported that disruption of odhA, encoding a subunit of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, resulted in l-glutamic acid secretion without induction. In this study, we analyzed odhA disruptants and found that those which exhibited constitutive l-glutamic acid secretion carried additional mutations in the NCgl1221 gene, which encodes a mechanosensitive channel homolog. These NCgl1221 gene mutations lead to constitutive l-glutamic acid secretion even in the absence of odhA disruption and also render cells resistant to an l-glutamic acid analog, 4-fluoroglutamic acid. Disruption of the NCgl1221 gene essentially abolishes l-glutamic acid secretion, causing an increase in the intracellular l-glutamic acid pool under biotin-limiting conditions, while amplification of the wild-type NCgl1221 gene increased l-glutamate secretion, although only in response to induction. These results suggest that the NCgl1221 gene encodes an l-glutamic acid exporter. We propose that treatments that induce l-glutamic acid secretion alter membrane tension and trigger a structural transformation of the NCgl1221 protein, enabling it to export l-glutamic acid.

  • Copyright © 2007 American Society for Microbiology
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Mutations of the Corynebacterium glutamicum NCgl1221 Gene, Encoding a Mechanosensitive Channel Homolog, Induce l-Glutamic Acid Production
Jun Nakamura, Seiko Hirano, Hisao Ito, Masaaki Wachi
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Jul 2007, 73 (14) 4491-4498; DOI: 10.1128/AEM.02446-06

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Mutations of the Corynebacterium glutamicum NCgl1221 Gene, Encoding a Mechanosensitive Channel Homolog, Induce l-Glutamic Acid Production
Jun Nakamura, Seiko Hirano, Hisao Ito, Masaaki Wachi
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Jul 2007, 73 (14) 4491-4498; DOI: 10.1128/AEM.02446-06
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KEYWORDS

Amino Acid Transport Systems
Bacterial Proteins
Corynebacterium glutamicum
Glutamic Acid
mutation

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