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Applied and Environmental Microbiology
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Public Health Microbiology

Correlation of Shiga Toxin Gene Frequency with Commonly Used Microbial Indicators of Recreational Water Quality

Cody J. Smith, Adam M. Olszewski, Steven A. Mauro
Cody J. Smith
Department of Biology, Mercyhurst College, 501 East 38th Street, Erie, Pennsylvania 16546
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Adam M. Olszewski
Department of Biology, Mercyhurst College, 501 East 38th Street, Erie, Pennsylvania 16546
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Steven A. Mauro
Department of Biology, Mercyhurst College, 501 East 38th Street, Erie, Pennsylvania 16546
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  • For correspondence: smauro@mercyhurst.edu
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01205-08
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ABSTRACT

Shiga toxin (Stx) genes produce proteins that are pathogenic to humans, leading to severe gastrointestinal illness. This work focuses on examining the abundance and distribution of stx genes in relation to common microbial indicators in beach water and streams in the vicinity of Presque Isle State Park in Erie, PA. By use of quantitative PCR, the relative abundance levels of stx DNA in over 700 samples in the sampling area were determined. The results demonstrate that the abundance and distribution of stx genes are variable and do not correlate with the abundance of Escherichia coli bacteria, enterococci, or viral particles. These results suggest that microbial indicators of water quality are not adequate in predicting the occurrence of organisms that harbor stx genes and highlight the need for standardized pathogen-specific detection protocols for waters utilized for recreational swimming.

  • Copyright © 2009 American Society for Microbiology
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Correlation of Shiga Toxin Gene Frequency with Commonly Used Microbial Indicators of Recreational Water Quality
Cody J. Smith, Adam M. Olszewski, Steven A. Mauro
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Jan 2009, 75 (2) 316-321; DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01205-08

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Correlation of Shiga Toxin Gene Frequency with Commonly Used Microbial Indicators of Recreational Water Quality
Cody J. Smith, Adam M. Olszewski, Steven A. Mauro
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Jan 2009, 75 (2) 316-321; DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01205-08
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KEYWORDS

Bathing Beaches
Rivers
Shiga toxin

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