DOI: 10.1128/AEM.02761-09
Article Figures & Data
Tables
- TABLE 1.
Animal species in which ESBL-positive E. coli isolates were recovered
Animal species No. of tested animals No. of animals with ESBL-positive E. coli isolates Common buzzard (Buteo buteo) 23 11 Common barn owl (Tyto alba) 8 4 Eurasian tawny owl (Strix aluco) 10 2 Booted eagle (Hieraaetus pennatus) 11 5 Montagu's harrier (Circus pygargus) 5 2 Black kite (Milvus migrans) 16 2 Eurasian black vulture (Aegypius monachus) 2 1 Bonelli's eagle (Hieraaetus fasciatus) 2 1 Eurasian eagle owl (Bubo bubo) 8 2 Common raven (Corvus corax) 3 2 Other speciesa 31 0 ↵ a Northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis; n = 5); European scops owl (Otus scops; n = 5); Eurasian sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus; n = 4); common crane (Grus grus; n = 2); honey buzzard (Pernis apivorus; n = 2); carrion crow (Corvus corone; n = 2); yellow-legged gull (Larus cachinnans; n = 2); little owl (Athene noctua; n = 2); Eurasian marsh harrier (Circus aeruginosus; n = 1); Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus; n = 1); common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus; n = 1); azure-winged magpie (Cyanopica cyanus; n = 1); European magpie (Pica pica; n = 1); common swift (Apus apus; n = 1); and red kite (Milvus milvus; n = 1).
- TABLE 2.
Characteristics of the ESBL-positive fecal E. coli isolates recovered from birds of prey
Isolate no. Animal species Resistance pattern to β-lactam antibioticsa β-Lactamase-encoding genes detected Resistance pattern to non-β-lactam antibioticsb Resistance genes for non-β-lactam antibiotics Integron-related genes Phylogenetic group B1 Buteo buteo AMP-CTX bla CTX-M-1 plus blaTEM-20 CIP-NAL-TET-STR-SXT tetA, sul2 intI1 B1 B2 Buteo buteo AMP-CTX-ATM bla CTX-M-1 plus blaTEM-1D CIP-NAL-TET-SXT tetA, sul2 intI1 B1 B3 Buteo buteo AMP-CTX bla CTX-M-1 NAL-SXT sul2, sul3 intI1 B1 B9 Buteo buteo AMP-CTX-ATM bla CTX-M-1 plus blaTEM-1b CIP-NAL-TET-SXT tetA, sul2 intI1 B1 B10 Buteo buteo AMP-CTX bla CTX-M-1 plus blaTEM-1b CIP-NAL-TET-STR-SXT tetA, sul2 intI1 B1 B14 Buteo buteo AMP-CTX-ATM bla CTX-M-1 plus blaTEM-1D NAL-TET-STR-CHL-SXT tetA, sul2 intI1 A B15 Buteo buteo AMP-CTX bla CTX-M-1 plus blaTEM-1D NAL-TET-STR-SXT aadA, tetA, sul2 intI1, intI2 A B17 Buteo buteo AMP-CTX bla CTX-M-1 CIP-NAL-STR-SXT sul2, sul3 intI1 B2 B18 Buteo buteo AMP-CTX-CAZ bla TEM-20 NAL-TET-STR-SXT-KAN tetA, sul2 intI1 B1 B19 Buteo buteo AMP-CTX bla CTX-M-1 CIP-NAL-STR-SXT sul2, sul3 intI1 B2 B24 Buteo buteo AMP-CTX bla CTX-M-1 CIP-NAL-TET-SXT tetA, sul3 B2 H6 Hieraaetus pennatus AMP-CTX bla CTX-M-1 NAL-TET-SXT sul2, sul3 intI1 B1 H7 Hieraaetus pennatus AMP-CTX bla CTXM-1 TET-SXT sul2 intI1 A H8 Hieraaetus pennatus AMP-CTX bla CTX-M-1 plus blaTEM-1b CIP-NAL-TET-SXT tetA, sul2 intI1 B1 H11 Hieraaetus pennatus AMP-CTX bla CTX-M-1 plus blaTEM-1d CIP- NAL-TET-SXT tetA, sul2 A H12 Hieraaetus pennatus AMP-CTX bla CTX-M-1 plus blaTEM-1d CIP- NAL-TET-SXT tetA, sul2 A T4 Tyto alba AMP-CTX-ATM bla CTX-M-1 plus blaTEM-1d NAL-TET-STR-SXT aadA, tetA, sul2 intI1, intI2 A T28 Tyto alba AMP-CTX-AMC bla CTX-M-1 plus blaTEM-1b NAL-TET-STR-SXT aadA, tetA, sul1 intI1 B2 T29 Tyto alba AMP-CTX-ATM-CAZ-AMC bla SHV-5 CIP-NAL-TET-STR-CHL- SXT-KAN-TOB-GEN aadA, sul1 intI1 A T30 Tyto alba AMP-CTX-ATM bla CTX-M-1 plus blaTEM-1b TET-STR-CHL-SXT-KAN aadA, sul1 intI1, intI2 B1 S5 Strix aluco AMP-CTX bla CTX-M-1 NAL-TET-SXT sul2, sul3 intI1 B1 S20 Strix aluco AMP-CTX bla CTX-M-1 CIP-NAL-STR-SXT sul2, sul3 B2 M13 Milvus migrans AMP-CTX bla CTX-M-1 plus blaTEM-1b CIP- NAL-TET-STR-SXT sul1, sul2 B1 M21 Milvus migrans AMP-CTX-ATM bla CTX-M-1 NAL-SXT sul3 intI1 B1 C22 Circus pygargus AMP-CTX bla CTX-M-1 plus blaTEM-1b NAL-TET-STR-SXT tetA B2 C23 Circus pygargus AMP-CTX bla CTX-M-1 NAL-TET-SXT sul3 intI1 A BU26 Bubo bubo AMP-CTX bla CTX-M-1 CIP- NAL-SXT sul3 intI1 B2 BU27 Bubo bubo AMP-CTX bla CTX-M-1 CIP-NAL-SXT sul3 intI1 B2 CO31 Corvus corax AMP-CTX-ATM bla SHV-5 plus blaTEM-1b TET-STR-CHL-SXT cmlA, tetA, sul3 intI1 B1 CO32 Corvus corax AMP-CTX-ATM-CAZ bla SHV-5 plus blaTEM-1b TET- STR-CHL-SXT cmlA, aadA, tetA, sul3 intI1 B1 A16 Aegypius monachus AMP-CTX bla CTX-M-1 plus blaTEM-1b CIP-NAL-STR-CHL-SXT sul1, sul2 intI1 B1 HI25 Hieraaetus fasciatus AMP-CTX bla CTX-M-1 CIP-NAL-SXT sul3 intI1 B2
