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Public Health Microbiology

Comparison of Single- and Multilocus Genetic Diversity in the Protozoan Parasites Cryptosporidium parvum and C. hominis

Giovanni Widmer, Yongsun Lee
Giovanni Widmer
Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 200 Westboro Road, North Grafton, Massachusetts 01536
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  • For correspondence: giovanni.widmer@tufts.edu
Yongsun Lee
Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 200 Westboro Road, North Grafton, Massachusetts 01536
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DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01268-10
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  • FIG. 1.
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    FIG. 1.

    PCoA of 60 unique C. parvum and C. hominis MLGs. GP60 alleles are colored according to species: white, C. parvum; black, C. hominis. Symbols represent alleles as indicated in the embedded legend. The C. hominis MLG with a IIc allele is shown with a black star and an asterisk in the legend. PCoA is based on SSR genetic distance (left) and Hamming distance (right). The percentages variation explained by the 1st and 2nd axes are indicated.

  • FIG. 2.
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    FIG. 2.

    C. hominis PCoA. The symbols represent different GP60 genotypes, as shown in the symbol legend. PCoA is based on SSR genetic distance (left) and Hamming distance (right). Note the overlapping distribution of MLGs with different GP60 genotypes. See the legend to Fig. 1 for additional details.

  • FIG. 3.
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    FIG. 3.

    C. parvum PCoA. As in Fig. 1 and 2, PCoA is based on SSR genetic distance (left) and Hamming distance (right). Note the tight cluster of MLGs with the IIc GP60 allele but no apparent segregation of other MLGs. See the legend to Fig. 1 for details.

  • FIG. 4.
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    FIG. 4.

    Pairwise linkage analysis. Pairs of markers in LD are represented with white squares and +. Linkage equilibrium is indicated with a shaded field and −. Column totals in the bottom row show for each marker the number of markers in linkage equilibrium. The chromosome location of each marker is shown at the top. Two pairs of markers are located on chromosome I and VI. The distance between MSA and MSB is more than 400,000 bp and between MSG and GP60 is over 140,000 bp. Left, C. parvum excluding IIc MLGs (n = 22); right, C. hominis (n = 30).

Tables

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  • TABLE 1.

    C. parvum and C. hominis isolates

    IsolateaSpeciesGP60 alleleMLGbReferencec
    UG996 C. hominis Ia7 29
    UG1481 C. hominis Ia16 29
    UG285 C. hominis Ia57 29
    UG94 C. hominis Ia76 29
    UK3004ft C. hominis Ia78 29
    UK3334ft C. hominis Ia79 29
    UK3555ft C. hominis Ia80 29
    UK3351 C. hominis Ia81 29
    UGTU502 C. hominis Ia52 29
    UK3000 C. hominis Ib22 29
    UK2696 C. hominis Ib23 29
    UK3812 C. hominis Ib24 29
    UK4498 C. hominis Ib27 29
    UK3871 C. hominis Ib30 29
    UK4691 C. hominis Ib25 29
    UK4733 C. hominis Ib33 29
    UK4771 C. hominis Ib26 29
    UK11766 C. hominis Ib1 29
    USNEMC1 C. hominis Ib52 26
    US9897 C. hominis Ib73 26
    USECHIV C. hominis Ib75Unpublished
    UG918 C. hominis Ie5 29
    UG1467 C. hominis Ie6 29
    UK5139 C. hominis Ie32 29
    USTU728 C. hominis Ie19Unpublished
    UK4938 C. hominis If37 29
    UK4776 C. hominis If36 29
    UK3010 C. hominis Ig3 29
    UK3957 C. hominis Ig2 29
    UG26 C. hominis IIc43 29
    TR13 C. parvum IIa21 30
    IL-7 C. parvum IIa32 30
    TR39 C. parvum IIa36 30
    IL-3 C. parvum IIa44 30
    IL-8 C. parvum IIa47 30
    IL-13 C. parvum IIa49 30
    IL-15 C. parvum IIa51 30
    IL-1 C. parvum IIa37 30
    NZHhu1 C. parvum IIa40 29
    NZHhu6 C. parvum IIa41 29
    NZHbo2 C. parvum IIa42 29
    SRB6 C. parvum IIa56 29
    SRB80 C. parvum IIa58 29
    SRB112 C. parvum IIa64 29
    USiowa C. parvum IIa50 1
    UKMD C. parvum IIa39 6
    UG1224 C. parvum IIc1 29
    UG2428 C. parvum IIc7 29
    UG30 C. parvum IIc13 29
    UG2553 C. parvum IIc18 29
    UG1504 C. parvum IIc54 29
    UGtu114 C. parvum IIc2 29
    UG1601 C. parvum IIc15 29
    UG9 C. parvum IIc8 29
    SRB42 C. parvum IId66 29
    UG1862 C. parvum IIe25 29
    UG216 C. parvum IIi23 29
    UGtu154 C. parvum IIi22 29
    SRB24 C. parvum IIj68 29
    SRB58 C. parvum IIj74 29
    • ↵ a The first 2 or 3 letters indicate the country of origin: IL, Israel; NZ, New Zealand; SRB, Serbia; UG, Uganda; UK, United Kingdom; US, United States; TR, Turkey. ft, sample originated from person reporting recent travel outside the United Kingdom.

    • ↵ b Arbitrary code assigned to 9-locus MLG; see report by Tanriverdi et al. (29) for actual MLG.

    • ↵ c Except for isolates from the United States, all isolates were described by Tanriverdi et al. (29), where the host and geographical origin are described in more detail. The references shown here indicate where the isolate was first described.

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Comparison of Single- and Multilocus Genetic Diversity in the Protozoan Parasites Cryptosporidium parvum and C. hominis
Giovanni Widmer, Yongsun Lee
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Sep 2010, 76 (19) 6639-6644; DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01268-10

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Comparison of Single- and Multilocus Genetic Diversity in the Protozoan Parasites Cryptosporidium parvum and C. hominis
Giovanni Widmer, Yongsun Lee
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Sep 2010, 76 (19) 6639-6644; DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01268-10
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KEYWORDS

Cryptosporidium
DNA, Protozoan
Genetic Variation
Parasitology

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