Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1
Symbiotic phenotypes of representative mutants. (A) Onset of symbiotic luminescence in aposymbiotic squid and those colonized by strains ES114 (wild type), SLV10 (pstA), and SLV30 (pstC). (B to H) Ability of mutant strains EMH12 (topA), SLV16 (phoQ), SLV15 (hns), EMH5 (guaB), EMH7 (tRNAMet), NL4 (tRNAThr), SLV32 (lonA), NL1 (tfoY), SLV41 (arcA), and NL3 (arcB) to individually colonize the squid host relative to ES114 48 h postinoculation. Data in each panel are from one representative experiment among at least three independent colonization experiments comparing the wild type to each of the mutants. Error bars represent standard error for ≥9 animals. *, P ≤ 0.05 compared to the wild-type value using Student's t test.
Tables
- Table 1
Luminescence-up mutants
Disrupted gene (ORF) Independent mutant(s)a Putative functionb arcA (VF2120) SLV41 Regulator, redox-responsive TCRS arcB (VF2122) NL3, SLV41, SLV19, NL5, SLV36, NL6, SLV33 Sensor, redox-responsive TCRS acnB (VF2158) NRc Aconitase (TCA cycle enzyme) topA (VF1051) EMH12, EMH13 Topoisomerase I (relieves negative supercoils) lonA (VF2352) SLV32, SLV39, EMH6 ATP-dependent protease pstA (VF1984) SLV10 High-affinity phosphate transport pstC (VF1985) SLV30 High-affinity phosphate transport hns (VF1631) SLV15 Nucleoid-associated DNA-binding protein, global repressor tRNAMet (VFIRNA222) EMH7 Methionine tRNA tRNAThr (VFIRNA003) NL4 Threonine tRNA tfoY (VF1573) NL1, EMH9 Regulator of transformation competence phoQ (VF1397) SLV16, SLV43, EMH3 Sensor, Mg2+-responsive TCRS guaB (VF0637) EMH5 Inositol-5-monophosphate dehydrogenase (purine metabolism) ainS (VF1037) NR Octanoyl homoserine lactone synthase ↵a Mutants previously identified as brighter than wild type in culture (12). Underlining indicates the representative strain for each locus reported here.
↵b TCRS, two-component regulatory system; TCA, tricarboxylic acid.
↵c NR, not reported, either due to a high rate of suppressor mutations (acnB mutants) or because symbiotic phenotypes were previously published (ainS mutants).
- Table 2
Ability of mutants to compete with ES114 in symbiotic infections and cocultures
Strain Disrupted gene RCI in squid (48 h)a RCI/generationb In squid In culturec SLV41 arcA 0.49 0.98 0.90 NL3 arcB 0.25 0.95 0.93 EMH12 topA 0.03 0.89 <0.05 SLV32 lonA 0.02 0.88 0.96 SLV10 pstA 0.12 0.93 0.78 SLV30 pstC 0.04 0.90 0.78 SLV15 hns <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 EMH7 tRNAMet 0.55 0.98 0.86 NL4 tRNAThr 0.63 0.99 0.90 NL1 tfoY 0.48 0.98 1.02 SLV16 phoQ 0.30 0.96 0.94 EMH5 guaB 0.40 0.97 0.93 NL2 ainS NDd ND 0.95 ↵a All data were calculated for ≥10 animals.
↵b Estimated by assuming 30 generations for 48 h in the squid host, which was previously published as a high estimate under these conditions (15).
↵c Coculture data were collected from cultures grown in SWTO (n = 2).
↵d ND, not done (results were published previously [21]).
