Editorial Board

EDITOR IN CHIEF (2016)

Harold L. Drake

University of Bayreuth

EDITORS

Thomas E. Besser, Editor (2020)

Washington State University

Johanna Björkroth, Editor (2018)

University of Helsinki

Axel A. Brakhage, Editor (2016)

HKI and University of Jena

Daniel Cullen, Editor (2017)

USDA Forest Products Laboratory

Charles M. Dozois, Editor (2020)

INRS—Institut Armand-Frappier

Edward G. Dudley, Editor (2020)

Pennsylvania State University

Christopher A. Elkins, Editor (2018)

U.S. FDA Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition

Marie A. Elliot, Editor (2019)

McMaster University

Heidi Goodrich-Blair, Editor (2017)

University of Wisconsin—Madison

Robert M. Kelly, Editor (2017)

North Carolina State University

Maia Kivisaar, Editor (2017)

Tartu University

Joel E. Kostka, Editor (2016)

Georgia Institute of Technology

Shuang-Jiang Liu, Editor (2016)

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Frank E. Löffler, Editor (2018)

University of Tennessee

Volker Müller, Editor (2019)

Goethe University Frankfurt am Main

Hideaki Nojiri, Editor (2017)

The University of Tokyo

Rebecca E. Parales, Editor (2016)

University of California—Davis

M. Julia Pettinari, Editor (2016)

University of Buenos Aires

Donald W. Schaffner, Editor (2020)

Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey

Patrick D. Schloss, Editor and Cover Editor (2019)

University of Michigan

Janet L. Schottel, Editor (2018)

University of Minnesota

Alfred M. Spormann, Editor (2016)

Stanford University

Alfons J. M. Stams, Editor (2020)

Wageningen University

Claire Vieille, Editor (2020)

Michigan State University

Gerrit Voordouw, Editor (2017)

University of Calgary

Thomas E. Shenk, Chairman, Journals Board

Barbara M. Goldman, Director, Journals

Barbara S. Slinker, Production Editor

Stephanie L. D'Agostino, Assistant Production Editor

Michael E. Lerman, Assistant Production Editor

EDITORIAL BOARD

Adly M. M. Abd-Alla (2018)

Lorenz Adrian (2017)

Warish Ahmed (2016)

Birgit E. Alber (2016)

Gladys Alexandre (2018)

Michael S. Allen (2017)

Eric Altermann (2018)

Gary L. Andersen (2016)

Matthew J. Arduino (2016)

Arthur I. Aronson (2018)

Fred O. Asiegbu (2016)

Haruyuki Atomi (2016)

Shota Atsumi (2018)

Beate Averhoff (2016)

Abdu F. Azad (2016)

Reha O. Azizoglu (2018)

Charles W. Bacon (2018)

Craig Baker-Austin (2018)

Petr Baldrian (2016)

David A. Baltrus (2018)

Jeffrey A. Banas (2018)

Ravi D. Barabote (2018)

Jeri D. Barak (2016)

Rodolphe Barrangou (2017)

Josefina Barrera-Cortes (2018)

Mirko Basen (2018)

Dennis A. Bazylinski (2018)

Jorge A. Benitez (2016)

Teresa M. Bergholz (2018)

Stefan Bertilsson (2018)

Jennifer F. Biddle (2018)

Kelly A. Bidle (2016)

Linda F. Bisson (2016)

Christopher Blackwood (2016)

Sara E. Blumer-Schuette (2018)

Paul L. E. Bodelier (2018)

Matthias Boll (2018)

Daniel R. Bond (2018)

Kostas Bourtzis (2018)

E. Fidelma Boyd (2018)

Eric S. Boyd (2018)

Alejandra Bravo (2018)

Frederick Breidt (2017)

Nichole A. Broderick (2018)

Peter A. Bron (2017)

Harald Bruessow (2016)

Harry Brumer (2017)

Andreas Brune (2018)

Alison Buchan (2017)

Wolfgang Buckel (2016)

Daniel H. Buckley (2017)

William Burkhardt (2018)

Helen Y. Buse (2016)

Stefan G. Buzoianu (2017)

Douglas R. Call (2016)

Amy V. Callaghan (2018)

Barbara J. Campbell (2016)

Isaac K. O. Cann (2018)

Jennifer L. Cannon (2017)

Yiping Cao (2017)

Michelle Q. Carter (2018)

Rick Cavicchioli (2016)

Stéphane Chaillou (2018)

Woo-Suk Chang (2018)

John M. Chaston (2018)

Jinru Chen (2017)

Shicheng Chen (2017)

Wilfred Chen (2018)

Yi Chen (2017)

Yuhuan Chen (2018)

Michael L. Chikindas (2016)

Ludmila Chistoserdova (2018)

Konstantin Chumakov (2018)

Kuang-Ren Chung (2017)

Clifford G. Clark (2017)

John D. Coates (2016)

Luca Cocolin (2016)

J. Douglas Cossar (2018)

Paul D. Cotter (2016)

Donald A. Cowan (2018)

Alison M. Cupples (2016)

Hongyue Dang (2018)

Rolf Daniel (2018)

Steven L. Daniel (2017)

Michelle Danyluk (2016)

Alexandre J. da Silva (2018)

Jennifer M. DeBruyn (2017)

Svetlana N. Dedysh (2018)

Zixin Deng (2016)

Tom Desmet (2018)

Mickaël Desvaux (2018)

Francisco Diez-Gonzalez (2016)

Lubbert Dijkhuizen (2016)

Jayna L. Ditty (2016)

Jan Dolfing (2018)

James S. G. Dooley (2018)

Angela E. Douglas (2016)

Irina S. Druzhinina (2018)

Doris d'Souza (2017)

Alain C. Dufour (2016)

Anne K. Dunn (2018)

Jonathan Dworkin (2017)

Daniel C. Eastwood (2017)

Leo Eberl (2018)

Elizabeth A. Edwards (2016)

Henry L. Ehrlich (2018)

Patrick Y. Eichenberger (2018)

Mark A. Eiteman (2018)

Kathryn T. Elliott (2018)

Mostafa S. Elshahed (2018)

David Emerson (2018)

Slava Epstein (2016)

Tobias J. Erb (2017)

Danilo Ercolini (2018)

Manuel Espinosa-Urgel (2018)

Patrick Fach (2018)

Joseph O. Falkinham (2017)

Séamus Fanning (2018)

Babu Z. Fathepure (2016)

J. Christopher Fenno (2016)

J. Gregory Ferry (2018)

Martin Filion (2018)

Steven E. Finkel (2016)

Steven L. Foley (2017)

Philipp Franken (2018)

W. Florian Fricke (2017)

Michael W. Friedrich (2018)

Barbara E. Funnell (2018)

Vincenzina Fusco (2018)

Shinya Fushinobu (2018)

Cormac G. M. Gahan (2018)

Victor P. J. Gannon (2016)

Michael G. Gänzle (2016)

Beilei Ge (2016)

Elke Genersch (2018)

Johannes Gescher (2018)

Lutz Geue (2016)

Jennifer B. Glass (2017)

Emanuel Goldman (2016)

Mark Gomelsky (2017)

Ramon Gonzalez (2016)

Lawrence D. Goodridge (2018)

Lisa A. Gorski (2018)

Yuval Gottlieb (2018)

David E. Graham (2017)

Jeffrey A. Gralnick (2018)

Stefan J. Green (2017)

Leslie A. Gregg-Jolly (2017)

Amy M. Grunden (2018)

Yitzhak Hadar (2016)

Thomas E. Hanson (2018)

Eiji Haramoto (2018)

Hauke Harms (2016)

Steven D. Harris (2017)

Mark E. Hart (2017)

Valerie J. Harwood (2018)

Annele I. Hatakka (2016)

Jianzhong He (2018)

Qiang He (2016)

Zhili He (2016)

Brian P. Hedlund (2017)

Henry S. Heine (2018)

Thorsten Heinekamp (2018)

Hermann J. Heipieper (2018)

Niels B. Hendriksen (2018)

Kristina L. Hillesland (2018)

Dirk Hoffmeister (2018)

Emily B. Hollister (2018)

Andrew J. Holmes (2016)

Allen L. Honeyman (2018)

Dallas G. Hoover (2018)

David J. Hopper (2016)

Marcus A. Horn (2017)

Adina C. Howe (2018)

John A. Hudson (2017)

Jeroen Hugenholtz (2018)

Hor-Gil Hur (2018)

Michael R. Hyman (2016)

Michael F. Hynes (2016)

Kiyohiko Igarashi (2016)

Michele M. Igo (2018)

Masaharu Ishii (2017)

Masahiro Ito (2017)

Javier A. Izquierdo (2018)

Mohamed A. Jamal (2018)

Edward L. Jarroll (2018)

Dieter Jendrossek (2018)

Michael B. Jenkins (2018)

Ian Jenson (2017)

Zhongjun Jia (2017)

Weihong Jiang (2018)

Nianzhi Jiao (2017)

Zackary I. Johnson (2018)

Jessica L. Jones (2018)

Klaus Jürgens (2018)

Koichi Kamagata (2018)

Boran Kartal (2017)

Matthias Kästner (2016)

James E. Keen (2016)

John J. Kelly (2018)

William R. Kenealy (2018)

Eungbin Kim (2018)

James E. Kirby (2016)

Arnulf Kletzin (2016)

Martin G. Klotz (2018)

Leon D. Kluskens (2016)

Kalmia E. Kniel (2017)

Ryuichi Koga (2018)

Steffen Kolb (2017)

Konstantinos T. Konstantinidis (2018)

Shige Koseki (2018)

Michael Y. Kosoy (2017)

Balasubrahmanyam Kottapalli (2017)

Sven Krappmann (2018)

Christian P. Kubicek (2018)

Sergei V. Kuchin (2018)

Indira T. Kudva (2016)

Ursula Kües (2016)

Timothy M. LaPara (2018)

Gisèle LaPointe (2017)

Robert A. LaRossa (2018)

Luis F. Larrondo (2017)

Ray A. Larsen (2018)

Peter C. K. Lau (2018)

Jared R. Leadbetter (2018)

Paulo C. Lemos (2018)

Daniel J. Lessner (2018)

Steven Lindow (2016)

Erin K. Lipp (2018)

Wenjun Liu (2016)

Xueduan Liu (2016)

Karen G. Lloyd (2018)

John C. Londesborough (2018)

Alexander Loy (2017)

Yahai Lu (2016)

Taina K. Lundell (2018)

Yanhe Ma (2016)

Eugene L. Madsen (2018)

Jacques Mahillon (2017)

Mark J. Mandel (2017)

Maria L. Marco (2018)

Julia A. Maresca (2018)

Matthew J. Marshall (2016)

Marta S. L. Martins (2018)

Alfredo Martinez (2016)

Eiji Masai (2017)

Emma R. Master (2018)

Timothy E. Mattes (2017)

Ann G. Matthysse (2018)

Andrew J. McBain (2018)

Timothy R. McDermott (2018)

Quinn S. McFrederick (2018)

Michael J. McInerney (2016)

James McKinlay (2018)

Robert J. C. McLean (2018)

Brian B. McSpadden-Gardener (2016)

Aubrey F. Mendonca (2018)

John S. Meschke (2017)

Chris H. Miller (2018)

Debra L. Milton (2016)

Kiwamu Minamisawa (2018)

Kentaro Miyazaki (2017)

Robert Moore (2018)

Corrie S. Moreau (2017)

Paula J. Mouser (2018)

Rodney A. Moxley (2016)

Jochen A. Müller (2018)

T. G. Nagaraja (2018)

Yuji Nagata (2018)

Cindy H. Nakatsu (2016)

Brett A. Neilan (2017)

Josh D. Neufeld (2018)

Irene L. G. Newton (2018)

Nancy N. Nichols (2018)

Jens Nielsen (2018)

Brendan A. Niemira (2018)

Dietrich H. Nies (2018)

Pablo I. Nikel (2016)

Nobuhiko Nomura (2017)

Andrew V. Ogram (2018)

Julie B. Olson (2018)

Huub J. M. Op den Camp (2018)

Ivan J. Oresnik (2017)

Kelli L. Palmer (2018)

Konstantinos Papadimitriou (2016)

Hee-Deung Park (2017)

Ilenys M. Perez-Diaz (2018)

Gregg S. Pettis (2017)

Laurent Philippot (2017)

Carmen Pin (2018)

Antonio G. Pisabarro (2017)

Mircea Podar (2017)

Shawn W. Polson (2018)

David L. Popham (2018)

Rolf A. Prade (2018)

M. Auxiliadora Prieto (2018)

Qingsheng Qi (2017)

Ralf Rabus (2017)

Mark Radosevich (2017)

Andreja Rajkovic (2018)

Gemma Reguera (2018)

Bernd H. A. Rehm (2018)

Gregor Reid (2018)

Peter Richard (2018)

Christian Riedel (2018)

Courtney J. Robinson (2018)

Daniel D. Rockey (2016)

Jorge L. M. Rodrigues (2016)

David Rodrígues-Lázaro (2018)

Margaret F. Romine (2017)

Thomas Ross (2016)

Michael Rother (2018)

Michael J. Sadowsky (2016)

Daâd A. Saffarini (2017)

Robert A. Sanford (2018)

Daisuke Sano (2018)

Anderson S. Sant'Ana (2018)

Brian D. Sauders (2016)

Gary Sawers (2017)

Frank A. Scannapieco (2017)

Birgit E. Scharf (2017)

Jonathan S. Schilling (2018)

Bernhard Schink (2018)

John W. Schmidt (2016)

Michael G. Schmidt (2018)

Monika Schmoll (2017)

Hildgund Schrempf (2017)

Dirk Schüler (2018)

Wolfgang H. Schwarz (2016)

Lynne Sehulster (2016)

Bernhard Seiboth (2017)

Yuji Sekiguchi (2018)

David A. Sela (2018)

Jeremy D. Semrau (2017)

John M. Senko (2018)

Peter Setlow (2018)

Robert M. Q. Shanks (2018)

Manan Sharma (2018)

Joshua D. Shrout (2018)

Mark W. Silby (2018)

Mitchell H. Singer (2017)

Steven W. Singer (2018)

Brajesh K. Singh (2016)

David R. Singleton (2018)

Matthias Sipiczki (2016)

Panos N. Skandamis (2016)

Evan W. Skowronski (2018)

J. Leif Smith (2016)

Mario Soberon (2018)

Helena M. Solo-Gabriele (2018)

Greg A. Somerville (2017)

Andrew J. Spiers (2016)

Stephen Spiro (2016)

Eric V. Stabb (2016)

Lisa Y. Stein (2016)

Alexander Steinbüchel (2017)

Ivo Steinmetz (2016)

Roger Stephan (2017)

Ann M. Stevens (2016)

Brian Stevenson (2016)

George C. Stewart (2018)

Jill R. Stewart (2018)

John F. Stolz (2016)

Wolfgang R. Streit (2018)

Joseph M. Sturino (2016)

Garret Suen (2016)

Matt D. Sweeney (2016)

Ben D. Tall (2017)

Takuji Tanaka (2018)

Ralph S. Tanner (2017)

Gerald W. Tannock (2017)

Sam R. Telford (2018)

Michael G. Thomas (2018)

Linda S. Thomashow (2018)

Thomas Thurnheer (2018)

Ming Tien (2018)

Nicolas Toro Garcia (2017)

César I. Torres (2018)

Effie Tsakalidou (2016)

Masataka Tsuda (2018)

Takeharu Tsuge (2018)

Hidetoshi Urakawa (2017)

Wouter R. van der Star (2017)

Tina K. Van Dyk (2018)

Jan D. van Elsas (2016)

Jan-Peter van Pijkeren (2018)

Cristian Varela (2018)

Michael L. Vasil (2016)

Marco Ventura (2018)

Dmitriy V. Volokhov (2018)

Julia A. Vorholt (2018)

Stéphane Vuilleumier (2018)

S. Aljoscha Wahl (2018)

Judy D. Wall (2018)

Gejiao Wang (2018)

Todd J. Ward (2016)

Keith Warriner (2017)

J. Scott Weese (2018)

Laure Weisskopf (2018)

Derek H. Wells (2018)

Tingyi Wen (2018)

Volker F. Wendisch (2018)

Giovanni Widmer (2016)

Steven W. Wilhelm (2018)

Kurt E. Williamson (2017)

David B. Wilson (2016)

Charles F. Wimpee (2017)

Regina-Michaela Wittich (2017)

Gideon M. Wolfaardt (2016)

Randy W. Worobo (2016)

Qinglong Wu (2018)

Xiao-Lei Wu (2016)

Chuanwu Xi (2017)

Hua Xiang (2018)

Lihua Xiao (2018)

Luying Xun (2018)

S. Steve Yan (2016)

X. Frank Yang (2018)

Yunfeng Yang (2018)

Süleyman Yildirim (2017)

Kenichi Yoshida (2018)

Bo Yu (2018)

Daniel R. Zeigler (2018)

Jill H. Zeilstra-Ryalls (2017)

Karsten Zengler (2017)

Qijing Zhang (2017)

Wei Zhang (2018)

Yu-Zhong Zhang (2017)

Ning-Yi Zhou (2018)

Erik R. Zinser (2016)

Erwin G. Zoetendal (2018)

Angeles Zorreguieta (2016)

Sergey B. Zotchev (2018)

Peter A. Zuber (2017)

Applied and Environmental Microbiology (ISSN 1098-5336), a publication of the American Society for Microbiology (ASM), 1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC 20036-2904, is devoted to the advancement and dissemination of applied knowledge as well as ecological knowledge, both applied and fundamental, concerning microorganisms.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology became on online-only journal with volume 82, issue 1 (January 2016). The final print version was volume 81, issue 24 (December 2015). Previous print ISSN: 0099-2240.

Instructions to Authors can be found at http://journalitas.asm.org/t/49536 and are updated throughout the year. Applied and Environmental Microbiology is published twice monthly, one volume per year. For subscription prices, contact the Subscriptions Unit, ASM (asmjournals{at}subscriptionoffice.com). Correspondence relating to reprint orders should be directed to ASM Author Services (ASM.AuthorServicesSupport{at}cenveo.com), and correspondence relating to disposition of submitted manuscripts, proofs, and general editorial matters should be directed to the Journals Department, American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC 20036-2904. Phone: (202) 737-3600 (see http://journals.asm.org/site/misc/staffcontacts.xhtml). ASM policies for permissions, commercial reprints, and ePrints can be found at http://journals.asm.org/site/misc/reprints.xhtml.

CODEN: AEMIDF

doi:10.1128/AEM.masthead.82-3