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Biodegradation

Indole Biodegradation in Acinetobacter sp. Strain O153: Genetic and Biochemical Characterization

Mikas Sadauskas, Justas Vaitekūnas, Renata Gasparavičiūtė, Rolandas Meškys
Volker Müller, Editor
Mikas Sadauskas
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Justas Vaitekūnas
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Renata Gasparavičiūtė
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Rolandas Meškys
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Volker Müller
Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main
Roles: Editor
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DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01453-17
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ABSTRACT

Indole is a molecule of considerable biochemical significance, acting as both an interspecies signal molecule and a building block of biological elements. Bacterial indole degradation has been demonstrated for a number of cases; however, very little is known about genes and proteins involved in this process. This study reports the cloning and initial functional characterization of genes (iif and ant cluster) responsible for indole biodegradation in Acinetobacter sp. strain O153. The catabolic cascade was reconstituted in vitro with recombinant proteins, and each protein was assigned an enzymatic function. Degradation starts with oxidation, mediated by the IifC and IifD flavin-dependent two-component oxygenase system. Formation of indigo is prevented by IifB, and the final product, anthranilic acid, is formed by IifA, an enzyme which is both structurally and functionally comparable to cofactor-independent oxygenases. Moreover, the iif cluster was identified in the genomes of a wide range of bacteria, suggesting the potential of widespread Iif-mediated indole degradation. This work provides novel insights into the genetic background of microbial indole biodegradation.

IMPORTANCE The key finding of this research is identification of the genes responsible for microbial biodegradation of indole, a toxic N-heterocyclic compound. A large amount of indole is present in urban wastewater and sewage sludge, creating a demand for an efficient and eco-friendly means to eliminate this pollutant. A common strategy of oxidizing indole to indigo has the major drawback of producing insoluble material. Genes and proteins of Acinetobacter sp. strain O153 (DSM 103907) reported here pave the way for effective and indigo-free indole removal. In addition, this work suggests possible novel means of indole-mediated bacterial interactions and provides the basis for future research on indole metabolism.

FOOTNOTES

    • Received 3 July 2017.
    • Accepted 26 July 2017.
    • Accepted manuscript posted online 4 August 2017.
  • Supplemental material for this article may be found at https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01453-17 .

  • Copyright © 2017 American Society for Microbiology.

All Rights Reserved .

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Indole Biodegradation in Acinetobacter sp. Strain O153: Genetic and Biochemical Characterization
Mikas Sadauskas, Justas Vaitekūnas, Renata Gasparavičiūtė, Rolandas Meškys
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Sep 2017, 83 (19) e01453-17; DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01453-17

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Indole Biodegradation in Acinetobacter sp. Strain O153: Genetic and Biochemical Characterization
Mikas Sadauskas, Justas Vaitekūnas, Renata Gasparavičiūtė, Rolandas Meškys
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Sep 2017, 83 (19) e01453-17; DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01453-17
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KEYWORDS

Acinetobacter
Indoles
indole
biodegradation
bacterial metabolism
Acinetobacter
bacterial signaling
cofactor-independent oxygenases

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