Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIG 1
Taxonomic distribution of prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene reads obtained from metagenomic data sets from two bulk sediment samples at the water-sediment interface (BS; 0-m soil samples 1a to c and 2a and b), two surrounding sediment samples (AS; 3-m soil samples 1a, 1b/1c, 2a, and 2b/2c) and two deposit layer samples (DL; samples 1a to c and 2a and b). All taxonomic groups have a relative abundance of ≥1%. “Other” includes all taxonomic groups with a relative abundance of <1%. Taxonomic identification is given up to order level.
- FIG 2
Scheme illustrating the potential microbial food web of the deposit layer and the surrounding iron sheet pile (indicated by “Fe”) and organic-rich sediment. The microbial community of the surrounding sediment has the capacity to degrade organic matter (OM) to volatile fatty acids (VFA), alcohols, H2, and CO2. Syntrophobacterales can syntrophically oxidize VFA and alcohols to H2, CO2, and acetate. Methanogens can use substrates produced by the bacterial community and potentially directly obtain electrons from iron oxidation. Black arrows indicate microbial conversions, red arrows indicate redox reactions that involve extracellular electron transfer, and blue arrows indicate abiotic iron oxidation.
- FIG 3
(A) Picture of sediment and deposit layers visible on a sheet pile sampled at the pumping station of Gouderak. (B) Picture of deposit layer at Rotterdam Harbor sheet piles after careful removal of sediment layers. Pictures were taken by N.K.
- FIG 4
Overview of the sheet pile sampling procedure. The sheet pile is located at the boundary between the dike and the canal. The bulk sediment (BS) sample was taken at the top of the sediment layer; the surrounding/adjacent sediment (AS) and the deposit layers (DL) were sampled at 3 m below the sediment water interface. The AS samples were taken 1 to 5 cm away from the DL.
Tables
- TABLE 1
Characteristics of the four metagenome-assembled genomes with a completeness of >95%a
CheckM taxonomy sister lineage (order) GC content (%) Completeness (%) Redundancy (%) Strain heterogeneity (%) Genome size (Mbp) % coverage of: AS aligned reads DL aligned reads Methanobacteriales 32.7 98.9 1.1 100 2.18 0.1 8.7 Coriobacteriales (first MAG) 66.4 96.9 9.0 41.2 2.48 1.5 9.2 Syntrophobacterales 45.7 96.8 1.3 0.0 3.32 0.0 18.1 Coriobacteriales (second MAG) 64.3 95.0 4.7 15.8 2.70 0.1 11.3 ↵a Taxonomy sister lineage, GC content, completeness, strain heterogeneity, and genome size were assessed by CheckM. The percent coverage data provide the average aligned read coverage for each sampling location per metagenome-assembled genome (MAG). AS, adjacent soil; DL, deposit layer.
Supplemental material
- Supplemental file 1 -
Supplemental materials and methods, Tables S1 to S15
PDF, 890K
- Supplemental file 1 -
