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Invertebrate Microbiology

Mixtures of Insect-Pathogenic Viruses in a Single Virion: towards the Development of Custom-Designed Insecticides

Inés Beperet, Oihane Simón, Miguel López-Ferber, Jan van Lent, Trevor Williams, Primitivo Caballero
Karyn N. Johnson, Editor
Inés Beperet
aDepartamento de Investigación y Desarrollo, Bioinsectis SL, Noain, Navarra, Spain
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Oihane Simón
bInstitute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
cDepartamento de Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
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  • ORCID record for Oihane Simón
Miguel López-Ferber
dLGEI, Ecole des Mines d’Alès, Institut Mines-Télécom et Université de Montpellier Sud de France, Alès, France
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Jan van Lent
eLaboratory of Virology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Trevor Williams
fInstituto de Ecología AC (INECOL), Xalapa, Mexico
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Primitivo Caballero
aDepartamento de Investigación y Desarrollo, Bioinsectis SL, Noain, Navarra, Spain
bInstitute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
cDepartamento de Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
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Karyn N. Johnson
University of Queensland
Roles: Editor
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DOI: 10.1128/AEM.02180-20
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ABSTRACT

Alphabaculoviruses (Baculoviridae) are pathogenic DNA viruses of Lepidoptera that have applications as the basis for biological insecticides and expression vectors in biotechnological processes. These viruses have a characteristic physical structure that facilitates the transmission of groups of genomes. We demonstrate that coinfection of a susceptible insect by two different alphabaculovirus species results in the production of mixed-virus occlusion bodies containing the parental viruses. This occurred between closely related and phylogenetically more distant alphabaculoviruses. Approximately half the virions present in proteinaceous viral occlusion bodies produced following coinfection of insects with a mixture of two alphabaculoviruses contained both viruses, indicating that the viruses coinfected and replicated in a single cell and were coenveloped within the same virion. This observation was confirmed by endpoint dilution assay. Moreover, both viruses persisted in the mixed-virus population by coinfection of insects during several rounds of insect-to-insect transmission. Coinfection by viruses that differed in genome size had unexpected results on the length of viral nucleocapsids, which differed from those of both parental viruses. These results have unique implications for the development of alphabaculoviruses as biological control agents of insect pests.

IMPORTANCE Alphabaculoviruses are used as biological insecticides and expression vectors in biotechnology and medical applications. We demonstrate that in caterpillars infected with particular mixtures of viruses, the genomes of different baculovirus species can be enveloped together within individual virions and occluded within proteinaceous occlusion bodies. This results in the transmission of mixed-virus populations to the caterpillar stages of moth species. Once established, mixed-virus populations persist by coinfection of insect cells during several rounds of insect-to-insect transmission. Mixed-virus production technology opens the way to the development of custom-designed insecticides for control of different combinations of caterpillar pest species.

FOOTNOTES

    • Received 3 September 2020.
    • Accepted 3 November 2020.
    • Accepted manuscript posted online 13 November 2020.
  • Supplemental material is available online only.

  • Copyright © 2021 American Society for Microbiology.

All Rights Reserved.

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Mixtures of Insect-Pathogenic Viruses in a Single Virion: towards the Development of Custom-Designed Insecticides
Inés Beperet, Oihane Simón, Miguel López-Ferber, Jan van Lent, Trevor Williams, Primitivo Caballero
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Jan 2021, 87 (3) e02180-20; DOI: 10.1128/AEM.02180-20

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Mixtures of Insect-Pathogenic Viruses in a Single Virion: towards the Development of Custom-Designed Insecticides
Inés Beperet, Oihane Simón, Miguel López-Ferber, Jan van Lent, Trevor Williams, Primitivo Caballero
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Jan 2021, 87 (3) e02180-20; DOI: 10.1128/AEM.02180-20
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KEYWORDS

alphabaculovirus
Baculoviridae
multinucleocapsid virions
transmission of virus mixtures
host range
plaque purification
qPCR
AcMNPV
SfMNPV
SeMNPV
coenvelopment
transmission

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