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Minireview | SpotlightModulating the Gut Microbiota of Humans by Dietary Intervention with Plant GlycansThe human colon contains a community of microbial species, mostly bacteria, which is often referred to as the gut microbiota. The community is considered essential to human well-being by conferring additional energy-harvesting capacity, niche exclusion of pathogens, and molecular signaling activities that are integrated into human physiological processes.
MinireviewEncapsulation and Delivery of Therapeutic PhagesDelivery of therapeutic compounds to the site of action is crucial. While many chemical substances such as beta-lactam antibiotics can reach therapeutic levels in most parts throughout the human body after administration, substances of higher molecular weight such as therapeutic proteins may not be able to reach the site of action (e.g., an infection) and are therefore ineffective.
Minireview | SpotlightThe Symbiotic “All-Rounders”: Partnerships between Marine Animals and Chemosynthetic Nitrogen-Fixing BacteriaNitrogen fixation is a widespread metabolic trait in certain types of microorganisms called diazotrophs. Bioavailable nitrogen is limited in various habitats on land and in the sea and, accordingly, a range of plant, animal, and single-celled eukaryotes have evolved symbioses with diverse diazotrophic bacteria, with enormous economic and ecological benefits.
MinireviewThe Roseobacter-Group Bacterium Phaeobacter as a Safe Probiotic Solution for AquaculturePhaeobacter inhibens has been assessed as a probiotic bacterium for application in aquaculture. Studies addressing the efficacy and safety indicate that P. inhibens maintains it antagonistic activity against pathogenic vibrios in aquaculture live cultures (live feed and fish egg/larvae), while having no or a positive effect on the host organisms and a minor...
MinireviewMultiscale Airborne Infectious Disease TransmissionAirborne disease transmission is central to many scientific disciplines, including agriculture, veterinary biosafety, medicine, and public health. Legal and regulatory standards are in place to prevent agricultural, nosocomial, and community airborne disease transmission.
MinireviewImpact of Culture Condition Modulation on the High-Yield, High-Specificity, and Cost-Effective Production of Terpenoids from Microbial Sources: a ReviewRecent years have seen a remarkable increase in the nonnatural production of terpenoids by the microbial route. This is due to advancements in synthetic biology tools and techniques, which have overcome the challenges associated with the nonnative production of terpenoids from microbial hosts.
MinireviewCryptosporidium-Biofilm Interactions: a ReviewBiofilms are increasingly implicated as playing a major role in waterborne cryptosporidiosis. This review aims to synthesize all currently available data on interactions between Cryptosporidium oocysts and biofilms.
Minireview | SpotlightVirus Isoelectric Point Estimation: Theories and MethodsMuch of virus fate, both in the environment and in physical/chemical treatment, is dependent on electrostatic interactions. Developing an accurate means of predicting virion isoelectric point (pI) would help to understand and anticipate virus fate and transport, especially for viruses that are not readily propagated in the lab.
MinireviewThe Ecology and Evolution of Amoeba-Bacterium InteractionsAmoebae are protists that have complicated relationships with bacteria, covering the whole spectrum of symbiosis. Amoeba-bacterium interactions contribute to the study of predation, symbiosis, pathogenesis, and human health. Given the complexity of their relationships, it is necessary to understand the ecology and evolution of their interactions. In this paper, we provide an updated review of the current understanding of amoeba-...
MinireviewDiamine Biosynthesis: Research Progress and Application ProspectsDiamines are important monomers for polyamide plastics; they include 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,4-diaminobutane, 1,5-diaminopentane, and 1,6-diaminohexane, among others. With increasing attention on environmental problems and green sustainable development, utilizing renewable raw materials for the synthesis of diamines is crucial for the establishment of a sustainable plastics industry. Recently, high-performance microbial factories, such as...