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bacteriophages

  • Open Access
    Encapsulation and Delivery of Therapeutic Phages
    Minireview
    Encapsulation and Delivery of Therapeutic Phages

    Delivery of therapeutic compounds to the site of action is crucial. While many chemical substances such as beta-lactam antibiotics can reach therapeutic levels in most parts throughout the human body after administration, substances of higher molecular weight such as therapeutic proteins may not be able to reach the site of action (e.g., an infection) and are therefore ineffective.

    Belinda Loh, Vijay Singh Gondil, Prasanth Manohar, Fazal Mehmood Khan, Hang Yang, Sebastian Leptihn
  • Mutant and Recombinant Phages Selected from <em>In Vitro</em> Coevolution Conditions Overcome Phage-Resistant <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Listeria monocytogenes</span>
    Evolutionary and Genomic Microbiology
    Mutant and Recombinant Phages Selected from In Vitro Coevolution Conditions Overcome Phage-Resistant Listeria monocytogenes

    Listeria monocytogenes is a life-threatening bacterial foodborne pathogen that can persist in food processing facilities for years. Phages can be used to control L. monocytogenes in food production, but phage-resistant bacterial subpopulations can regrow in phage-treated environments. Coevolution...

    Tracey Lee Peters, Yaxiong Song, Daniel W. Bryan, Lauren K. Hudson, Thomas G. Denes
  • Novel Genus of Phages Infecting <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Streptococcus thermophilus</span>: Genomic and Morphological Characterization
    Food Microbiology
    Novel Genus of Phages Infecting Streptococcus thermophilus: Genomic and Morphological Characterization

    Despite decades of research and adapted antiphage strategies such as CRISPR-Cas systems, virulent phages are still a persistent risk for the milk fermentation industry worldwide, as they can cause manufacturing failures and alter product quality. Phages P738 and D4446 are novel virulent phages that infect the food-grade Gram-positive bacterial species Streptococcus...

    Cécile Philippe, Sébastien Levesque, Moïra B. Dion, Denise M. Tremblay, Philippe Horvath, Natascha Lüth, Christian Cambillau, Charles Franz, Horst Neve, Christophe Fremaux, Knut J. Heller, Sylvain Moineau
  • Open Access
    Evolution of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Listeria monocytogenes</span> in a Food Processing Plant Involves Limited Single-Nucleotide Substitutions but Considerable Diversification by Gain and Loss of Prophages
    Food Microbiology
    Evolution of Listeria monocytogenes in a Food Processing Plant Involves Limited Single-Nucleotide Substitutions but Considerable Diversification by Gain and Loss of Prophages

    Knowledge about the genetic evolution of L. monocytogenes in food processing facilities over multiple years is generally lacking. This information is critical to interpret WGS findings involving food or food-associated isolates. This study suggests that L. monocytogenes that persists in processing...

    Anna Sophia Harrand, Balamurugan Jagadeesan, Leen Baert, Martin Wiedmann, Renato H. Orsi
  • Open Access
    Prophages in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Lactobacillus reuteri</span> Are Associated with Fitness Trade-Offs but Can Increase Competitiveness in the Gut Ecosystem
    Microbial Ecology | Spotlight
    Prophages in Lactobacillus reuteri Are Associated with Fitness Trade-Offs but Can Increase Competitiveness in the Gut Ecosystem

    Bacteriophages derived from lysogens are abundant in gut microbiomes. Currently, mechanistic knowledge is lacking on the ecological ramifications of prophage carriage yet is essential to explain the abundance of lysogens in the gut. An extensive screen of the bacterial gut symbiont Lactobacillus reuteri revealed that biologically active prophages are widely...

    Jee-Hwan Oh, Xiaoxi B. Lin, Shenwei Zhang, Stephanie L. Tollenaar, Mustafa Özçam, Case Dunphy, Jens Walter, Jan-Peter van Pijkeren
  • Lysogeny in the Lactic Acid Bacterium <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Oenococcus oeni</span> Is Responsible for Modified Colony Morphology on Red Grape Juice Agar
    Methods
    Lysogeny in the Lactic Acid Bacterium Oenococcus oeni Is Responsible for Modified Colony Morphology on Red Grape Juice Agar

    The presence of white and red colonies on red grape juice (RGJ) agar during enumeration of Oenococcus oeni in wine samples is frequently observed by stakeholders in the wine industry. Our study brings an explanation for this intriguing phenomenon and establishes a link between the white-red color switch and the lysogenic state of...

    Amel Chaïb, Cécile Philippe, Féty Jaomanjaka, Olivier Claisse, Mickaël Jourdes, Patrick Lucas, Stéphanie Cluzet, Claire Le Marrec
  • Open Access
    Generation of a Prophage-Free Variant of the Fast-Growing Bacterium <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Vibrio natriegens</span>
    Biotechnology
    Generation of a Prophage-Free Variant of the Fast-Growing Bacterium Vibrio natriegens

    The fast-growing marine bacterium Vibrio natriegens represents an emerging model host for molecular biology and biotechnology, featuring a reported doubling time of less than 10 minutes. In many bacterial species, viral DNA (prophage elements) may constitute a considerable fraction of the whole genome and may have detrimental effects on the growth and fitness of...

    Eugen Pfeifer, Slawomir Michniewski, Cornelia Gätgens, Eugenia Münch, Felix Müller, Tino Polen, Andrew Millard, Bastian Blombach, Julia Frunzke
  • LysPBC2, a Novel Endolysin Harboring a <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Bacillus cereus</span> Spore Binding Domain
    Genetics and Molecular Biology | Spotlight
    LysPBC2, a Novel Endolysin Harboring a Bacillus cereus Spore Binding Domain

    Bacteriophages produce highly evolved lytic enzymes, called endolysins, to lyse peptidoglycan and release their progeny from bacterial cells. Due to their potent lytic activity and specificity, the use of endolysins has gained increasing attention as a natural alternative to antibiotics. Since most endolysins from Gram-positive-bacterium-infecting phages have a modular structure, understanding the function of each domain is crucial to...

    Minsuk Kong, Hongjun Na, Nam-Chul Ha, Sangryeol Ryu
  • Transcriptome and Comparative Genomics Analyses Reveal New Functional Insights on Key Determinants of Pathogenesis and Interbacterial Competition in <em>Pectobacterium</em> and <em>Dickeya</em> spp.
    Evolutionary and Genomic Microbiology | Spotlight
    Transcriptome and Comparative Genomics Analyses Reveal New Functional Insights on Key Determinants of Pathogenesis and Interbacterial Competition in Pectobacterium and Dickeya spp.

    Despite the considerable loss inflicted on important crops yearly by Pectobacterium and Dickeya diseases, investigations on key virulence and interbacterial competition assets relying on extensive comparative genomics are still surprisingly lacking for these genera. Such approaches become more powerful over time, underpinned by the growing amount of genomic information in public databases. In particular, our findings...

    Daniel Bellieny-Rabelo, Collins K. Tanui, Nikki Miguel, Stanford Kwenda, Divine Y. Shyntum, Lucy N. Moleleki
  • Open Access
    Cell Wall Glycans Mediate Recognition of the Dairy Bacterium <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Streptococcus thermophilus</span> by Bacteriophages
    Food Microbiology
    Cell Wall Glycans Mediate Recognition of the Dairy Bacterium Streptococcus thermophilus by Bacteriophages

    Streptococcus thermophilus is widely used in starter cultures for cheese and yoghurt production. During dairy fermentations, infections of bacteria with bacteriophages result in acidification failures and a lower quality of the final products. An understanding of the molecular factors involved in phage-host interactions, in particular, the phage receptors in dairy...

    Paula Szymczak, Sérgio Raposo Filipe, Gonçalo Covas, Finn Kvist Vogensen, Ana Rute Neves, Thomas Janzen

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