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biofilms

  • The Plant Host Induces Antibiotic Production To Select the Most-Beneficial Colonizers
    Environmental Microbiology
    The Plant Host Induces Antibiotic Production To Select the Most-Beneficial Colonizers

    Our study sheds mechanistic light on how multicellular biofilm units compete to successfully colonize a eukaryote host, using B. subtilis microbial communities as our lens. The microbiota and its interactions with its host play various roles in the development and prevention of diseases. Using competing beneficial biofilms that are essential microbiota members on the...

    Ariel Ogran, Eliane Hadas Yardeni, Alona Keren-Paz, Tabitha Bucher, Rakeshkumar Jain, Omri Gilhar, Ilana Kolodkin-Gal
  • Congo Red Fluorescence for Rapid <em>In Situ</em> Characterization of Synthetic Curli Systems
    Biotechnology | Spotlight
    Congo Red Fluorescence for Rapid In Situ Characterization of Synthetic Curli Systems

    Curli are proteins produced by many bacteria as a structural component of biofilms, and they have recently emerged as a platform for fabrication of biological materials. Curli fibers are very robust and resistant to degradation, and the curli subunits can tolerate many protein fusions, facilitating the biosynthesis of novel functional materials. A serious bottleneck in the development of more sophisticated engineered curli systems is...

    Anton Kan, Daniel P. Birnbaum, Pichet Praveschotinunt, Neel S. Joshi
  • Open Access
    Deep-Subsurface Pressure Stimulates Metabolic Plasticity in Shale-Colonizing <em>Halanaerobium</em> spp.
    Environmental Microbiology | Spotlight
    Deep-Subsurface Pressure Stimulates Metabolic Plasticity in Shale-Colonizing Halanaerobium spp.

    The hydraulic fracturing of deep-shale formations for hydrocarbon recovery accounts for approximately 60% of U.S. natural gas production. Microbial activity associated with this process is generally considered deleterious due to issues associated with sulfide production, microbially induced corrosion, and bioclogging in the subsurface. Here we demonstrate that a representative Halanaerobium species, frequently the dominant...

    Anne E. Booker, David W. Hoyt, Tea Meulia, Elizabeth Eder, Carrie D. Nicora, Samuel O. Purvine, Rebecca A. Daly, Joseph D. Moore, Kenneth Wunch, Susan M. Pfiffner, Mary S. Lipton, Paula J. Mouser, Kelly C. Wrighton, Michael J. Wilkins
  • Axenic Biofilm Formation and Aggregation by <em>Synechocystis</em> sp. Strain PCC 6803 Are Induced by Changes in Nutrient Concentration and Require Cell Surface Structures
    Genetics and Molecular Biology
    Axenic Biofilm Formation and Aggregation by Synechocystis sp. Strain PCC 6803 Are Induced by Changes in Nutrient Concentration and Require Cell Surface Structures

    Microbes can exist as suspensions of individual cells in liquids and also commonly form multicellular communities attached to surfaces. Surface-attached communities, called biofilms, can confer antibiotic resistance to pathogenic bacteria during infections and establish food webs for global nutrient cycling in the environment. Phototrophic biofilm formation is one of the earliest phenotypes visible in the fossil record, dating back over...

    Rey Allen, Bruce E. Rittmann, Roy Curtiss
  • Molecular and Functional Analysis of the Type IV Pilus Gene Cluster in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Streptococcus sanguinis</span> SK36
    Genetics and Molecular Biology
    Molecular and Functional Analysis of the Type IV Pilus Gene Cluster in Streptococcus sanguinis SK36

    The proteins and assembly machinery of the type IV pili (Tfp) are conserved throughout bacteria and archaea, and yet the function of this surface structure differs from species to species and even from strain to strain. As seen in Streptococcus sanguinis SK36, the expression of the Tfp gene cluster results in a hairlike surface structure that is much shorter than the...

    Yi-Ywan M. Chen, Yi-Chien Chiang, Tzu-Ying Tseng, Hui-Yu Wu, Yueh-Ying Chen, Chia-Hua Wu, Cheng-Hsun Chiu
  • Glycosyltransferase-Mediated Biofilm Matrix Dynamics and Virulence of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Streptococcus mutans</span>
    Genetics and Molecular Biology
    Glycosyltransferase-Mediated Biofilm Matrix Dynamics and Virulence of Streptococcus mutans

    Tooth decay, a costly and painful disease affecting the vast majority of people worldwide, is caused by the bacterium Streptococcus mutans. The bacteria utilize dietary sugars to build and strengthen biofilms, trapping acids onto the tooth’s surface and causing demineralization and decay of teeth. As knowledge of our body’s microbiomes increases, the need for...

    Katherine Rainey, Suzanne M. Michalek, Zezhang T. Wen, Hui Wu
  • Effects of Antimicrobial Peptide GH12 on the Cariogenic Properties and Composition of a Cariogenic Multispecies Biofilm
    Microbial Ecology
    Effects of Antimicrobial Peptide GH12 on the Cariogenic Properties and Composition of a Cariogenic Multispecies Biofilm

    Dental caries is one of the most prevalent chronic infectious diseases worldwide, with substantial economic and quality-of-life impacts. Streptococcus mutans has been considered the principal pathogen of dental caries. To combat dental caries, an antimicrobial peptide, GH12, was designed, and its antibacterial effects on planktonic...

    Wentao Jiang, Yufei Wang, Junyuan Luo, Xinwei Li, Xuedong Zhou, Wei Li, Linglin Zhang
  • Automated Microscopic Analysis of Metal Sulfide Colonization by Acidophilic Microorganisms
    Methods
    Automated Microscopic Analysis of Metal Sulfide Colonization by Acidophilic Microorganisms

    The presented method for the assessment of mineral colonization allows accurate relative comparisons of the microbial colonization of metal sulfide concentrate particles in a time-resolved manner. Quantitative assessment of the mineral colonization development is important for the compilation of improved mathematical models for metal sulfide dissolution. In addition, deep-learning algorithms proved that axenic or mixed cultures of the...

    Sören Bellenberg, Antoine Buetti-Dinh, Vanni Galli, Olga Ilie, Malte Herold, Stephan Christel, Mariia Boretska, Igor V. Pivkin, Paul Wilmes, Wolfgang Sand, Mario Vera, Mark Dopson
  • Microbial Ecology
    Long-Term Colonization Dynamics of Enterococcus faecalis in Implanted Devices in Research Macaques

    Enterococcus faecalis is a common cause of health care-associated infections in humans, largely due to its ability to persist in the hospital environment, colonize patients, acquire antimicrobial resistance, and form biofilms. Understanding how enterococci evolve in health care settings provides insight into factors affecting enterococcal survival and persistence....

    Mia T. Lieberman, Daria Van Tyne, JoAnn Dzink-Fox, Eric J. Ma, Michael S. Gilmore, James G. Fox
  • Genetics and Molecular Biology
    Resuscitation-Promoting Factors Are Required for Mycobacterium smegmatis Biofilm Formation
    Christopher Ealand, Binayak Rimal, James Chang, Lethabo Mashigo, Melissa Chengalroyen, Lusanda Mapela, Germar Beukes, Edith Machowski, Sung Joon Kim, Bavesh Kana

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