glycoside hydrolase
Environmental Microbiology | SpotlightMyxococcus xanthus Predation of Gram-Positive or Gram-Negative Bacteria Is Mediated by Different Bacteriolytic Mechanisms...Predation is an important survival strategy of the widespread myxobacteria, but it remains poorly understood on the mechanistic level. Without a basic understanding of how prey cell killing and consumption is achieved, it also remains difficult to investigate the role of predation for the complex myxobacterial lifestyle, reciprocal predator-prey relationships, or the impact of predation on complex bacterial soil communities.
Enzymology and Protein EngineeringNew Family of Carbohydrate-Binding Modules Defined by a Galactosyl-Binding Protein Module from a Cellvibrio japonicus Endo-XyloglucanaseThis study reveals carbohydrate-binding module family 88 (CBM88) as a new family of galactose-binding protein modules, which are found in series with diverse microbial glycoside hydrolases, polysaccharide lyases, and carbohydrate esterases. The definition of CBM88 in the carbohydrate-active enzymes classification (http://www.cazy.org/CBM88.html) will significantly enable future microbial (...
Enzymology and Protein EngineeringMultimodularity of a GH10 Xylanase Found in the Termite Gut MetagenomeXylan is the major hemicellulosic polysaccharide in cereals and contributes to the recalcitrance of the plant cell wall toward degradation. Bacteroidetes, one of the main phyla in rumen and human gut microbiota, have been shown to encode polysaccharide utilization loci dedicated to the degradation of xylan. Here, we present the biochemical characterization of a xylanase encoded by a bacteroidetes strain isolated from the...
Genetics and Molecular BiologyMultiple Transporters and Glycoside Hydrolases Are Involved in Arabinoxylan-Derived Oligosaccharide Utilization in Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatumBifidobacteria commonly reside in the human intestine and possess abundant genes involved in carbohydrate utilization. Arabinoxylan hydrolysates (AXH) are hydrolyzed products of arabinoxylan, one of the most abundant dietary fibers, and they include xylooligosaccharides and those decorated with arabinofuranosyl residues. The molecular mechanism by which B. pseudocatenulatum...
PhysiologyTrehalose Degradation by Cellvibrio japonicus Exhibits No Functional Redundancy and Is Solely Dependent on the Tre37A EnzymeThe metabolism of trehalose is becoming increasingly important due to the inclusion of this α-diglucoside in a number of foods and its prevalence in the environment. Bacteria able to utilize trehalose in the human gut possess a competitive advantage, as do saprophytic microbes in terrestrial environments. While the biochemical mechanism of trehalose degradation is well understood, what is less clear is how bacteria acquire this...
Enzymology and Protein Engineering | SpotlightBiochemical Reconstruction of a Metabolic Pathway from a Marine Bacterium Reveals Its Mechanism of Pectin DepolymerizationMarine polysaccharides, found in the cell walls of seaweeds and other marine macrophytes, represent a vast sink of photosynthetically fixed carbon. As such, their breakdown by marine microbes contributes significantly to global carbon cycling. Pectin is an abundant polysaccharide found in the cell walls of terrestrial plants, but it has recently been reported that some marine bacteria possess the genetic capacity to degrade it. In this...
- Enzymology and Protein EngineeringTwo Distinct α-l-Arabinofuranosidases in Caldicellulosiruptor Species Drive Degradation of Arabinose-Based Polysaccharides
- Biotechnology | SpotlightDistinct Growth and Secretome Strategies for Two Taxonomically Divergent Brown Rot Fungi