microbiome
Microbial EcologyFish Skin and Gut Microbiomes Show Contrasting Signatures of Host Species and HabitatWhether host-associated microbiomes are mostly shaped by species-specific or environmental factors is still unresolved. In particular, it is unknown to what extent microbial communities from two different host tissues from the same host respond to these factors. Our study is one of the first to focus on the microbiome of teleost fish to shed a light on this topic as we investigate how the phylogenetic structure of microbial communities...
MinireviewConceptualizing the Vertebrate SterolbiomeVertebrates synthesize a diverse set of steroids and bile acids that undergo bacterial biotransformations. The endocrine literature has principally focused on the biochemistry and molecular biology of host synthesis and tissue-specific metabolism of steroids. Host-associated microbiota possess a coevolved set of steroid and bile acid modifying enzymes that match the majority of host peripheral biotransformations in addition to unique...
Environmental Microbiology | SpotlightOral Microbiota Display Profound Differential Metabolic Kinetics and Community Shifts upon Incubation with Sucrose, Trehalose, Kojibiose, and XylitolThis study provides a detailed scientific insight on the metabolism of a rare disaccharide, kojibiose, whose mass production has recently been made possible. While the resistance of kojibiose was established with monocultures, delayed utilization of kojibiose was observed with communities containing lactobacilli and A. viscosus as well as with complex communities of...
Food MicrobiologyMicroorganisms Move a Short Distance into an Almond Orchard from an Adjacent Upwind Poultry OperationThe movement of microorganisms, including foodborne pathogens, from animal operations into adjacent plant crop-growing environments is not well characterized. This study provides evidence that dust and bioaerosols moved from a commercial poultry operation a short distance downwind into an almond orchard and altered the microbiome recovered from the leaves. These data provide growers with information they can use to assess food safety...
BiotechnologyChanges in the Microbiome of Mariculture Feed Organisms after Treatment with a Potentially Probiotic Strain of Phaeobacter inhibensThis work is an essential part of the risk assessment of the application of roseobacters as probiotics in mariculture. It provides insights into the impact of TDA-producing Phaeobacter inhibens on the commensal bacteria related to mariculture live feed and fish larvae. Also, the study provides a sequencing-based characterization of the microbiomes related to...
Microbial EcologyChicken Intestinal Mycobiome: Initial Characterization and Its Response to Bacitracin Methylene DisalicylateThe intestinal microbiota is critical to host physiology, metabolism, and health. However, the fungal community has been often overlooked. Recent studies in humans have highlighted the importance of the mycobiota in obesity and disease, making it imperative that we increase our understanding of the fungal community. The significance of this study is that we revealed the spatial and temporal changes of the mycobiota in the GI tract of...
Microbial EcologyMicrobial Ecology of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Hatcheries: Impacts of the Built Environment on Fish Mucosal MicrobiotaAtlantic salmon, Salmo salar, is the most farmed marine fish worldwide, with an annual production of 2,248 million metric tons in 2016. Salmon hatcheries are increasingly changing from flowthrough toward recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) design to accommodate more control over production along with improved environmental sustainability due to lower impacts on...
Microbial Ecology | SpotlightRespiratory and Gut Microbiota in Commercial Turkey Flocks with Disparate Weight Gain Trajectories Display Differential Compositional DynamicsTurkey meat is an important source of animal protein, and the industry around its production contributes significantly to the agricultural economy. The microorganisms present in the gut of turkeys are known to impact bird health and flock performance. However, the respiratory microbiota in turkeys is entirely unexplored. This study has elucidated the microbiota of respiratory tracts of turkeys from two commercial flocks raised in...
Food MicrobiologyImpact of Poultry Processing Operating Parameters on Bacterial Transmission and Persistence on Chicken Carcasses and Their Shelf LifeCulture-based and culture-independent approaches were utilized to reveal bacterial community changes on chicken carcasses at different processing steps and potential routes from the local processing environment. Current commercial processing effectively reduced bacterial loads on carcasses. Poultry processes have similar processes across facilities, but various processing arrangements and operating parameters could impact the bacterial...
Microbial EcologyNeutral Processes Dominate Microbial Community Assembly in Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salarA growing number of studies have examined variation in the microbiome to determine the role in modulating host health, physiology, and ecology. However, the ecology of host microbial colonization is not fully understood and rarely tested. The continued increase in production of farmed Atlantic salmon, coupled with increased farmed-wild salmon interactions, has accentuated the need to unravel the potential adaptive function of the...