poultry
Food MicrobiologyMicroorganisms Move a Short Distance into an Almond Orchard from an Adjacent Upwind Poultry OperationThe movement of microorganisms, including foodborne pathogens, from animal operations into adjacent plant crop-growing environments is not well characterized. This study provides evidence that dust and bioaerosols moved from a commercial poultry operation a short distance downwind into an almond orchard and altered the microbiome recovered from the leaves. These data provide growers with information they can use to assess food safety...
Microbial EcologyChicken Intestinal Mycobiome: Initial Characterization and Its Response to Bacitracin Methylene DisalicylateThe intestinal microbiota is critical to host physiology, metabolism, and health. However, the fungal community has been often overlooked. Recent studies in humans have highlighted the importance of the mycobiota in obesity and disease, making it imperative that we increase our understanding of the fungal community. The significance of this study is that we revealed the spatial and temporal changes of the mycobiota in the GI tract of...
Environmental MicrobiologyGenomic Landscape of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in Commercial Turkey Production in the United StatesThe whole-genome approach enhances our understanding of evolutionary relationships between clinical Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale isolates from different commercial turkey producers and allows for identification of genes associated with virulence, antimicrobial resistance, or mobile genetic elements that are often excluded using traditional typing methods....
Food MicrobiologyChicken Meat-Associated Enterococci: Influence of Agricultural Antibiotic Use and Connection to the ClinicBacteria that contaminate food can serve as a conduit for moving drug resistance genes from farm to table to clinic. Our results show that chicken meat-associated isolates of Enterococcus are often multidrug resistant, closely related to pathogenic lineages, and harbor worrisome virulence factors. These drug-resistant agricultural isolates could thus represent important stepping stones in the evolution of enterococci into drug-...
Microbial EcologyCompetition between Escherichia coli Populations with and without Plasmids Carrying a Gene Encoding Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase in the Broiler Chicken GutBacteria that produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases are resistant to an important class of antimicrobials in human and veterinary medicine. Reduction in antibiotic use is expected to decrease the prevalence of resistance. However, resistance genes often lie on plasmids which can be copied and transferred to other bacteria by conjugation, so in vitro resistance was observed to increase in the absence of antimicrobials. We...
Food MicrobiologySalmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Heidelberg Food Isolates Associated with a Salmonellosis Outbreak Have Enhanced Stress Tolerance CapabilitiesThis study provides a deep analysis of the intrinsic stress tolerance and virulence capabilities of Salmonella Heidelberg that may have contributed to the length and severity of a recent salmonellosis outbreak. Additionally, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptomic response of S. enterica strains to heat stress conditions and...
Environmental MicrobiologySpatial Distribution of Salmonella enterica in Poultry Shed Environments Observed by Intensive Longitudinal Environmental SamplingRoutine epidemiological surveillance for salmonellae in poultry relies initially on environmental sampling. Intensive, spatially homogenous sampling, as conducted within this study, confirmed that the sampling methodology conducted within a poultry environment is a nontrivial part of sampling design. The frequency of sampling is especially important when the prevalence of Salmonella spp. is low. These factors must be taken into...
Food MicrobiologyWorldwide Epidemiology of Salmonella Serovars in Animal-Based Foods: a Meta-analysisSalmonellosis is caused by Salmonella spp. and is the third leading cause of death among food-transmitted diseases. This pathogen is commonly disseminated in domestic and wild animals, and the infection’s symptoms are characterized by acute fever, nausea, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. The animals are the primary source of salmonellae, and animal-based foods are the main transmission route to humans. Therefore, data collected...
Food Microbiology | SpotlightHigh-Resolution Identification of Multiple Salmonella Serovars in a Single Sample by Using CRISPR-SeroSeqSalmonella enterica is the leading bacterial cause of foodborne illness in the United States and is represented by over 2,600 distinct serovars. Some of these serovars are pathogenic in humans, while others are not. Current surveillance for this pathogen is limited by the detection of only the most abundant serovars, due to the culture-based approaches that are used....
Environmental MicrobiologyEvidence for Multidrug Resistance in Nonpathogenic Mycoplasma Species Isolated from South African PoultryNonpathogenic poultry Mycoplasma species are often overlooked due to their lesser impact on poultry health and production compared to the OIE-listed pathogenic strains M. gallisepticum and M. synoviae. The use of antimicrobials as in-feed growth promoters and for the control of mycoplasmosis is common in poultry production across the world. Here, we...